Rat skin carcinogenesis as a basis for estimating risks at low doses and dose rates of various types of radiation
The recovery rate, age dependence and latent period for tumor induction in rat skin were measured for single and split doses of radiation, and the data were analyzed in terms of a general model in an attempt to estimate the expected tumor response for various types of radiation given at low dose rates for long periods of time. The dorsal skin of male rats was exposed to electrons, x rays, or protons in either single or split doses for several doses and the tumor responses were compared during 80 weeks of observation. A two stage model incorporating a reversible or recoverable mode was developed and various parameters in the model, including recovery rate, dose-response coefficients, and indices of age sensitivity, were evaluated experimentally. The measured parameters were then utilized to calculate expected tumor responses for exposure periods extending for duration of life. The calculations indicated that low dose rates could be markedly (/sup 1///sub 100/ to /sup 1///sub 1000/) less effective in producing tumors than the same dose given in a short or acute exposure, although the magnitude of the reduction in effectiveness declines as the dose declines.
- Research Organization:
- New York Univ., N.Y. (USA). Inst. of Environmental Medicine
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE
- DOE Contract Number:
- E(11-1)-3380
- OSTI ID:
- 7344997
- Report Number(s):
- COO-3380-23; CONF-760445-4; TRN: 76-018859
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 3. international symposium on detection and prevention of cancer, New York City, NY, USA, 26 Apr 1976
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
CARCINOGENESIS
TESTING
RATS
SKIN
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
CHRONIC IRRADIATION
DOSE RATES
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ELECTRONS
FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION
LOW DOSE IRRADIATION
NEOPLASMS
PROTONS
RADIATION DOSES
RADIOINDUCTION
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
X RADIATION
ANIMALS
BARYONS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
DISEASES
DOSES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
FERMIONS
HADRONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IRRADIATION
LEPTONS
MAMMALS
NUCLEONS
ORGANS
PATHOGENESIS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
RODENTS
VERTEBRATES
560152* - Radiation Effects on Animals- Animals