Effect of carbohydrate intake on de novo lipogenesis in human adipose tissue

Journal Article · Tue Dec 01 04:00:00 EST 1987 · American Journal of Physiology; (USA)

OSTI ID:7191799

Chascione, C; Elwyn, D H; Davila, M; Gil, K M; Askanazi, J; Kinney, J M ^[1]

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1. Columbia Univ., New York, NY (USA)

Rates of synthesis, from ({sup 14}C)glucose, of fatty acids (de novo lipogenesis) and glycerol (triglyceride synthesis) were measured in biopsies of adipose tissue from nutritionally depleted patients given low- or high-carbohydrate intravenous nutrition. Simultaneously, energy expenditure and whole-body lipogenesis were measured by indirect calorimetry. Rates of whole-body lipogenesis were zero on the low-carbohydrate diet and averaged 1.6 g{center dot}kg{sup {minus}1}{center dot}day{sup {minus}1} on the high-carbohydrate diet. In vitro rates of triglyceride synthesis increased 3-fold going from the low to the high intake; rates of fatty acid synthesis increased {approximately}80-fold. In vitro, lipogenesis accounted for <0.1% of triglyceride synthesis on the low intake and 4% on the high intake. On the high-carbohydrate intake, in vitro rates of triglyceride synthesis accounted for 61% of the rates of unidirectional triglyceride synthesis measured by indirect calorimetry. In vitro rates of lipogenesis accounted for 7% of whole-body lipogenesis. Discrepancies between in vitro rates of fatty acid synthesis from glucose, compared with acetate and citrate, as reported by others, suggest that in depleted patients on hypercaloric high-carbohydrate diets, adipose tissue may account for up to 40% of whole-body lipogenesis.

• OSTI ID: 7191799
• Journal Information: American Journal of Physiology; (USA), Journal Name: American Journal of Physiology; (USA) Vol. 253:6; ISSN 0002-9513; ISSN AJPHA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550201* -- Biochemistry-- Tracer Techniques
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ADIPOSE TISSUE
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
ANIMAL TISSUES
BIOSYNTHESIS
BODY
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
GLUCOSE
GLYCEROL
HEXOSES
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INGESTION
INTAKE
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PATIENTS
SACCHARIDES
SCINTILLATION COUNTING
SYNTHESIS
TISSUES
UPTAKE