Detection of paracrine factors in oxidant lung injury
- St. Joseph's Health Centre, London, Ontario (Canada)
It is well recognized that the oxidant gases ozone and nitrogen dioxide cause lung injury at high concentrations and, as such, are considered to be hazardous air pollutants. What is not known is the upper limit of their concentration in ambient air that can be tolerated without causing lung injury. This uncertainty is due, in major part, to a lack of sensitive and noninvasive tests that can identify the presence of early lung injury after exposure to oxidant gases. The hypothesis underlying the studies reported in this document was that the changes in cell populations that occur in the lung after oxidant lung injury are due to the local generation of lung-cell-specific growth factors, and that these factors should leak into the blood stream in sufficient quantities to allow their identification. Once identified, such factors could be used as early markers of oxidant injury. The question asked in the design of these studies was: Is oxidant lung injury associated with the appearance in blood of factors that enhance lung cell growth, as tested in a cultured lung cell bioassay Groups of rats were exposed to either 1 ppm ozone, 85 percent oxygen, or air, and samples of plasma, lung washings, and lung tissue were collected at intervals over a two-week period. These samples were tested for their effect on the DNA synthesis of purified populations of three major lung cell types (pneumocyte, fibroblast, and endothelial cell) in culture. The concentrations of the two oxidant gases used in these studies were selected on the basis of their known effect on these cell types in the intact animal. The collected samples were tested either whole or after separation into various fractions, determined by the preference of the sample's constituents for an alkaline or acidic environment.
- OSTI ID:
- 6983231
- Journal Information:
- Research Report Health Effects Institue; (USA), Vol. 22
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
LUNGS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
TOXICITY
OZONE
AIR POLLUTION
DNA REPLICATION
ENDOTHELIUM
FIBROBLASTS
GROWTH FACTORS
LAVAGE
PHAGOCYTES
RATS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
BODY
CHALCOGENIDES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
MAMMALS
MITOGENS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN OXIDES
NUCLEIC ACID REPLICATION
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION
PROTEINS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
560300* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology