Pulmonary response to inhaled fibrogenic minerals. Final report

Technical Report · Mon Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1990

OSTI ID:6959051

The fibrogenicity of silica, bentonite, kaolin, talc, vermiculite, feldspar, and coal in animals in nose only exposures was investigated, and the cytotoxicity of the minerals was studied in in-vitro tests. Data were evaluated to provide comparative cytotoxic correlations on fibrogenicity and information for interpreting human exposure effects. Enzymes were measured as indicators of adverse activity of minerals on macrophages. Results of physical and chemical analysis of the minerals showed that all minerals tested wre smaller than 7 micrometers and were within the respirable size range. In in-vitro hemolysis studies, bentonite, kaolin, silica, and vermiculite showed the greatest hemolysis, and talc, coal, and feldspar showed the least. Release of cytosolic enzyme lactate-dehydrogenase, indicative of membrane damage, was significant with kaolin, silica, and vermiculite and least with talc, coal, and bentonite. The studies suggested that silica, kaolin, bentonite, vermiculite and feldspar all induced an initial acute pulmonary response, but that there appeared to be no correlation between this acute response in-vivo and their chronic pulmonary response. The studies also indicated that the initial pulmonary response reflected in vitro was not correlated with the chronic response to the dust.

• Research Organization: National Inst. for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH (USA)
• OSTI ID: 6959051
• Report Number(s): PB-90-194572/XAB
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
COAL
TOXICITY
LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE
BIOSYNTHESIS
TALC
ABSORPTION SPECTRA
BENTONITE
FELDSPARS
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
IMAGE PROCESSING
IN VITRO
KAOLIN
LABORATORY ANIMALS
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
PARTICLE SIZE
PROGRESS REPORT
SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
SILICA
SURVIVAL TIME
VERMICULITE
X-RAY DIFFRACTION
ALKALINE EARTH
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM SILICATES
ANIMAL CELLS
BODY
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHALCOGENIDES
CLAYS
COHERENT SCATTERING
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DIFFRACTION
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
ENERGY SOURCES
ENZYMES
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HEMIACETAL DEHYDROGENASES
INORGANIC ION EXCHANGERS
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
IRON COMPOUNDS
IRON SILICATES
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MAGNESIUM SILICATES
MATERIALS
MICROSCOPY
MINERALS
ORGANS
OXIDE MINERALS
OXIDES
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHAGOCYTES
PROCESSING
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
SCATTERING
SILICATE MINERALS
SILICATES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
SIZE
SOMATIC CELLS
SPECTRA
SYNTHESIS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
016000* - Coal
Lignite
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560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology