Radiation-induced emesis in the dog: effects of lesions and drugs

Journal Article · Mon Dec 01 04:00:00 EST 1986 · Radiat. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3576918· OSTI ID:6840914

Carpenter, D O; Briggs, D B; Knox, A P; Strominger, N L

Dogs exposed to 8 Gy /sup 60/Co gamma mid-abdominal irradiation exhibited emesis with an average latency of 102 min and an average of 7.4 episodes over 96 min. There were no significant changes in dogs subjected to a chronic bilateral subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, but emesis was prevented by ablation of the area postrema. Indomethacin pretreatment also prevented radiation-induced emesis in two of seven dogs and in the remainder reduced the average number of episodes. Domperidone pretreatment prevented radiation-induced emesis in all of four dogs tested. In electrophysiological studies recording from the area postrema the chemosensitive neurons were found to be normally silent in anesthetized preparations but excitable by a variety of emetic agents. After irradiation of the abdomen spontaneously active neurons were found with a discharge pattern that mirrored the behavioral pattern of postirradiation emesis. These studies are consistent with radiation-induced emesis being humorally mediated in the dog and implicate dopamine and/or prostaglandins as possible mediators.

• Research Organization: Albany Medical College, NY
• OSTI ID: 6840914
• Journal Information: Radiat. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Radiat. Res.; (United States) Vol. 3; ISSN RAREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560152* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Animals
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ABDOMEN
AMINES
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BODY
BODY AREAS
CARDIOTONICS
CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS
COBALT 60
COBALT ISOTOPES
DOGS
DOPAMINE
DRUGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
GAMMA RADIATION
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
INTERNAL CONVERSION RADIOISOTOPES
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IRRADIATION
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NERVES
NERVOUS SYSTEM
NEUROREGULATORS
NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHENOLS
PHYSIOLOGY
POLYPHENOLS
PROSTAGLANDINS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
SYMPTOMS
VERTEBRATES
VOMITING
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES