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Effects of photochemical oxidants on plants

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:6827858
; ;

Photochemical oxidants are found in 'photochemical smog' which is a complex mixture of primary and secondary air pollutants. The photochemical oxidants are secondary air pollutants formed by the action of sunlight on nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons, their precursors. The most important phytotoxic components produced by these atmospheric photochemical reactions are ozone and peroxyacetyl nitrate. Other peroxy compounds, aldehydes, ketones, organic and inorganic acids, aerosols, and nitrogen dioxide also are formed. An analysis and evaluation of the available literature was used to characterize the relationships among emissions, ambient concentrations, effects and to identify the important controlling influences on the formation and effects of photochemical oxidants. The ultimate protection of humans, animals, plants, and materials from photochemical oxidant injury requires reduction of the ambient concentration of the particular air pollutant. The available emission estimates for the precursor compounds indicate that, at least for the foreseeable future, humans and the environment will continue to be impacted by photochemical oxidants. The material for this book was selected to provide a basis for preventive measures at the emission source and at the site of impact; also to provide researchers and students with a comprehensive information base.

Research Organization:
Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR (USA). Environmental Research Lab.
OSTI ID:
6827858
Report Number(s):
PB-84-156280; EPA-600/3-84-024
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

500200* -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560303 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Plants-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ALDEHYDES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMISTRY
COLLOIDS
DISPERSIONS
ESTERS
HYDROCARBONS
KETONES
NITRATES
NITRIC ACID ESTERS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXIDIZERS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PEROXYACETYL NITRATE
PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDANTS
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
POLLUTION
SMOG
SOLS