Alteration of bacteriophage attachment capacity by near-UV irradiation
Near-UV (NUV) (300 to 400 nm) and far-UV (FUV) (254 nm) radiations damage bacteriophage by different mechanisms. Host cell reactivation, Weigle reactivation, and multiplicity reactivation were observed upon FUV, but not upon NUV irradiation. Also, the number of his+ recombinants increased with P22 bacteriophage transduction in Salmonella typhimurium after FUV, but not after NUV irradiation. This loss of reactivation and recombination after NUV irradiation was not necessarily due to host incapability to repair phage damage. Instead, the phage genome failed to enter the host cell after NUV irradiation. In the case of NUV-irradiated T7 phage, this was determined by genetic crosses with amber mutants, which demonstrated that either all or none of a T7 genome entered the Escherichia coli cell after NUV treatment. Further studies with radioactively labeled phage indicated that irradiated phage failed to adsorb to host cells. This damage by NUV was compared with the protein-DNA cross-link observed previously, when phage particles were irradiated with NUV in the presence of H/sub 2/O/sub 2/. H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ (in nonlethal concentration) acts synergistically with NUV so that equivalent phage inactivation is achieved by much lower irradiation doses.
- Research Organization:
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
- OSTI ID:
- 6704034
- Journal Information:
- J. Virol.; (United States), Vol. 43:2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
BACTERIOPHAGES
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOSENSITIVITY
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
HOST-CELL REACTIVATION
NEAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
SYNERGISM
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MICROORGANISMS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PARASITES
PEROXIDES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
VIRUSES
550603* - Medicine- External Radiation in Therapy- (1980-)
560134 - Radiation Effects on Microorganisms- Vaccine Preparation & Other Applications- (-1987)