Mechanisms of ozone-induced bronchial hyperreactivity to muscarinic agonists in the guinea pig
Bronchial hyperreactivity, a chief characteristic of asthma, is poorly understood mechanistically. Its development in ozone-exposed guinea pigs was studied in this dissertation research. Reactivity was assessed in awake, spontaneously breathing animals by measuring specific airway resistance (SRaw) as a function of increasing muscarinic bronchoconstrictor challenge. In the first study, improvements in the reactivity measurement were seen by using (1) propranolol pretreatment (10 mg/kg IP, 1/2 hr before measurement) and (2) intravenous (rather than aerosolized) muscarinic challenge. Both (1) decreased its population wide variation and (2) increased its intra-animal reproducibility. Secondly, characteristics of ozone-induced bronchial hyperreactivity, such as (1) its airway mucosal permeability dependence, (2) its time course of development, and (3) its ozone-dose dependence were studied. The relationship between airway mucosa neutrophilic infiltration and the development of this hyperreactivity was examined in the third and fourth study. In the third, a time course study showed that development of hyperreactivity occurred before the neutrophilic infiltration phase, and correlated best with a decrease in identifiable mucosal goblet cells and increase in identifiable mucosoal mast cells. In the fourth, the development of ozone-induced hyperreactivity in animals made granulocytopenic with cyclophosphamide and cortisone acetate treatment was studied. In the final study, the effects of indomethacin on the development of this hyperreactivity was assessed.
- Research Organization:
- California Univ., Irvine (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 6608640
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
BRONCHI
GUINEA PIGS
LEUKOCYTES
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MEMBRANES
MUCOUS MEMBRANES
NEUTROPHILS
OZONE
PERMEABILITY
PHYSIOLOGY
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
VERTEBRATES