Do calories or osmolality determine gastric emptying

Conference · Sun Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1984 · J. Nucl. Med.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6586313

Shafer, R B; Levine, A S; Marlette, J M; Morley, J E

Recent animal studies suggest that gastric emptying is dependent on the caloric and osmotic content of the ingested food. These studies have involved intubation with infusion of liquid meals into the stomach. Scintigraphic methods, which are non-invasive and do not alter normal physiology, are now available for precise quantitation of gastric emptying. To study the role of calories and osmolality on gastric emptying, the authors employed a standardized /sup 99m/Tc-scrambled egg meal washed with 50 cc tap water in 10 normal human volunteers. A variety of simple and complex sugars, non-absorbable complex carbohydrate (polycose), medium chain fatty acid (MCFA) and gluten were dissolved in water and ingested with the test meal. Each subject acted as his own control. Coefficient of variation in control tests in each subject 12 weeks apart was 9.9%. Results showed that incremental glucose (25-66 gm) produced a linear increase in gastric emptying (T/2 control 50 +- 3, 25 gm 60 +- 3, 50 gm 79 +- 3 and 66 gm 102 +- 3 minutes). 25 gm fructose (T/2 59 +- 3 minutes) and 25 gm polycose (T/2 59 +- 3 minutes) had similar effects to glucose. 25 gm sucrose and 25 gm gluten did not significantly differ from controls. MCFA had an effect similar to 50 gm glucose - suggesting that calories are important in gastric emptying. However, 25 gm xylose markedly prolonged gastric emptying to 80 +- 5 minutes. The rank order for osmolality for substances tested MCFA = gluten < polycose < polycose < fructose < sucrose = glucose < xylose defined no relationship to gastric emptying. The authors' results suggest that neither calories nor osmolality alone determine gastric emptying. A specific food does not necessarily have the same effect on gastric emptying in different individuals.

• Research Organization: VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN
• OSTI ID: 6586313
• Report Number(s): CONF-840619-
• Conference Information: Journal Name: J. Nucl. Med.; (United States) Journal Volume: 25:5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
ALDEHYDES
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
BODY
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DIET
DIGESTION
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DRUGS
DYNAMIC FUNCTION STUDIES
FOOD
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
GLUCOSE
HEXOSES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MONOSACCHARIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PHYSIOLOGY
RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING
RADIONUCLIDE KINETICS
RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
SACCHARIDES
SCINTISCANNING
STOMACH
VARIATIONS