Utilization of the rabbit alveolar macrophage and Chinese hamster ovary cell for evaluation of the toxicity of particulate materials. II. Particles from coal-related processes

Journal Article · Wed Apr 01 04:00:00 EST 1981 · Environ. Res.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6453872

Garrett, N E ^[1]; Campbell, J A; Stack, H F; Waters, M D; Lewtas, J

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1. Northrop Services, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC

Rabbit alveolar macrophage (RAM) and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were used in in vitro tests to evaluate the toxicity of particulate effluents from coal gasification, fluidized-bed combustion, and conventional coal combustion. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity of nine samples from coal energy-related processes showed that the sensitivity of the RAM assay was improved substantially when the test was conducted in serum-free media. A linear relationship was observed between percentage cell viability and ATP level in the particle-treated cultures. In the RAM assay without serum the slope of the line was 1.0, which provided strong evidence that the mechanism of toxicity was similar in reducing cell viability and ATP. The cytotoxicity of the coal-related particles in the CHO clonal assay showed that the system was approximately equivalent to the RAM assay without serum. Conventional coal combustion fly ash (<3..mu..m) was the most toxic of the coal-related particles in the RAM and CHO system. Fluidized-bed combustion fly ash from a cyclone catch and fine (<3..mu..m) particles from the flue gas were also toxic in both cellular assays. Particles from the coal gasification process were the least cytotoxic in these studies.

• OSTI ID: 6453872
• Journal Information: Environ. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Res.; (United States) Vol. 24:2; ISSN ENVRA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COAL
COAL GASIFICATION
COMBUSTION
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ENERGY SOURCES
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ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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OXIDATION
PARTICLE SIZE
PARTICLES
PHAGOCYTES
RABBITS
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
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SENSITIVITY
SIZE
SOMATIC CELLS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES
WASTES