Enzymes involved in the repair of damaged DNA

Journal Article · Thu Oct 15 04:00:00 EDT 1981 · Arch. Biochem. Biophys.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(81)90485-9· OSTI ID:6423147

Grossman, L

The multitude of enzymes responsible for removing damaged nucleotides from DNA in an error-free manner is reviewed. The most direct mechanisms include enzymatically catalyzed photoreversal of cyclobutane dimers and the removal of the O/sup 6/-methylguanine adduct from alkylated DNA by an enzyme whose presence is dependent on adaptation. The direct removal of either damaged purines or pyrimidines or partial removal of photochemically induced diadducts is catalyzed by DNA glycosylases in the absence of phosphodiester bond hydrolysis. Incision of DNA containing apurinic or apyrimidinic sites arising either spontaneously or by the action of DNA glycosylases is catalyzed by specific endonucleases. The incision of DNA containing bulky adducts is attributed to a multigenically controlled uvr system in Escherichia coli. The mechanisms of damaged nucleotide excision and reinsertion of nucleotides are controlled by unique exonuclease functions in either direct or indirect association with DNA polymerases.

• Research Organization: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
• OSTI ID: 6423147
• Journal Information: Arch. Biochem. Biophys.; (United States), Journal Name: Arch. Biochem. Biophys.; (United States) Vol. 211:2; ISSN ABBIA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550200* -- Biochemistry
550700 -- Microbiology
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BACTERIA
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
BIOLOGICAL PATHWAYS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
DNA
ENZYME ACTIVITY
ENZYMES
ESCHERICHIA COLI
ESTERASES
HYDROLASES
KINETICS
METABOLISM
MICROORGANISMS
NUCLEASES
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOPROTEINS
NUCLEOTIDYLTRANSFERASES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHODIESTERASES
PHOSPHORUS-GROUP TRANSFERASES
POLYMERASES
PROTEINS
REACTION KINETICS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
TRANSFERASES