Toxicology and metabolism of nickel compounds. Progress report, December 1, 1977--November 30, 1978

Technical Report · Tue Aug 15 04:00:00 EDT 1978

OSTI ID:6338138

Sunderman, Jr, F W

The toxicology and metabolism of nickel compounds (NiCl/sub 2/, ..cap alpha..Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/, NiS, Ni powder, and Ni(CO)/sub 4/) were investigated in rats. The new knowledge includes: elucidation of dose-response and time-response relationships for teratogenicity of Ni(CO)/sub 4/ in rats. The specificity of Ni(CO)/sub 4/ for induction of ocular anomalies in rats appears to be unique among known teratogenic agents; demonstration that erythrocytosis induced in rats by intrarenal injection of ..cap alpha..Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/ is (a) associated with increased serum erythropoietin activity and (b) suppressed by simultaneous injection of manganese; observation that manganese also suppresses industion of renal cancers in rats after intrarenal injection of aNi/sub 3/S/sub 2/; observation that in vitro exposure of Syrian hamster cells to ..cap alpha..Ni/sub 3/S/sub 2/ causes disorganization of cellular morphology, and that clones of such transformed cells cause tumors after sc injection in nude mice; acquisition of new information regarding pathophysiological mechanisms of nickel-induced hyperglycemia an nephrotoxicity; demonstration that D-penicillamine can serve as an alternative chelating agent for therapy of acute Ni(CO)/sub 4/ poisoning; and refinement of analytical methods for nickel in biological meterials, and application of urine nickel analyses for monitoring nickel-exposed workers.

• Research Organization: Connecticut Univ., Farmington (USA). School of Medicine
• DOE Contract Number: EY-76-S-02-3140
• OSTI ID: 6338138
• Report Number(s): TID-29014
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
560306 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL WASTES
BLOOD FORMATION
BODY
BODY FLUIDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBONATES
CARCINOGENESIS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHELATING AGENTS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHLORIDES
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CHRONIC EXPOSURE
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ELEMENTS
EPIDEMIOLOGY
ERYTHROPOIESIS
HALIDES
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
INHALATION
INJECTION
INTAKE
INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTION
INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION
KIDNEYS
MAMMALS
METABOLISM
METALS
NICKEL
NICKEL CARBONATES
NICKEL CHLORIDES
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NICKEL SULFIDES
ORGANS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
PERSONNEL
POWDERS
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
RATS
RODENTS
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TERATOGENESIS
THERAPY
TIME DEPENDENCE
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
URINE
VERTEBRATES
WASTES