Pulmonary cadmium oxide toxicity in the rat

Journal Article · Thu Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1987 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398709531015· OSTI ID:6278917

Buckley, B J; Bassett, D J.P.

The present study describes a model of acute lung injury based on single 3-h exposures of rats to 0.5 and 5.3 mg/mT CdO. Biochemical changes were correlated with pathological observations for 15 d postexposure to CdO. Four days following CdO exposure, histopathological observations included focal areas of epithelial hyperplasia, a mononuclear interstitial infiltrate, and increased numbers of alveolar macrophages. In the high-dose group, these changes were correlated with increases in tissue protein and DNA contents of 217% and 195% of controls, respectively. While lungs from the low-dose exposures had returned to a normal appearance by 15 d postexposure, high-dose-exposed lungs exhibited an increase in noncellular thickening of the interstitium and a continued general hypercellularity at this time. In the high-dose exposure group, activities of the enzymes glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and the dehydrogenases of glucose 6-phosphate and 6-phosphogluconate were significantly elevated two- to fivefold at 2-4 d postexposure. When a correction was made for changes in lung cell number, significant increases were observed only in activities of the pentose-cycle dehydrogenases at 180-238% of controls. These increases suggested an enhanced ability of CdO-exposed lungs to generate the pentose-cycle products NADPH and ribose 5-phosphate, which would be needed for lipid and nucleic acid biosynthesis expected during the proliferative stages of epithelial repair.

• Research Organization: Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
• OSTI ID: 6278917
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 21:1-2; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
BODY
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS
CADMIUM OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DNA
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ENZYME ACTIVITY
ENZYMES
INJURIES
INTAKE
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDES
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEROXIDASES
PHAGOCYTES
RATS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SINGLE INTAKE
SOMATIC CELLS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES