Comparative mutagenicity of a coal combustion fly ash extract in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster ovary cells

Journal Article · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1983 · Environ. Mutagen.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2860050304· OSTI ID:6268134

Li, A P; Clark, C R; Hanson, R L; Henderson, T R; Hobbs, C H

The dichloromethane extract of a coal combustion fly ash sample obtained from an experimental fluidized bed coal combustor was tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium and cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The extract was directly mutagenic in S typhimurium strain TA98 and the nitroreductase deficient strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8DNP/sub 6/. The mutagenicity observed in TA98NR and TA98/1,8DNP/sub 6/ was lower than that in TA98. Addition of exogenous Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver supernatant (liver S9) decreased the bacterial mutagenicity of the extract. A different mutagenic response was observed in CHO cells. In the absence of liver S9, although the extract was cytotoxic to CHO cells, no significant mutagenicity was observed. Addition of exogenous liver S9 decreased the cytotoxicity and increased the mutagenicity at both Na/sup +/-K/sup +/-ATPase and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) gene loci in CHO cells. Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and tandem quadruple mass spectrometry, a number of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs (nitro-PAHs) were tentatively identified and quantitated. A possible explanation of the difference in bacterial and mammalian mutagenicity of the extract is that the bacterial mutagenicity was induced by the nitro-PAHs that are potent bacterial mutagens and mammalian mutagenicity was induced by both PAHs and nitro-PAHs that are promutagens.

• Research Organization: Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM
• OSTI ID: 6268134
• Journal Information: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 5; ISSN ENMUD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560301 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOL WASTES
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
ASHES
BACTERIA
BODY
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHLORINATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
CHO CELLS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COAL
COMBUSTORS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTORS
FLY ASH
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
GENES
GLANDS
HALOGENATED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
HYDROCARBONS
LIVER
MAMMALS
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
MATERIALS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENESIS
NITRO COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
RATS
RESIDUES
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SCREENING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SPECTROSCOPY
VERTEBRATES
WASTES