Comparative mutagenicity of a coal combustion fly ash extract in Salmonella typhimurium and chinese hamster ovary cells

Journal Article · Sat Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1983 · Environ. Manage.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2860050304· OSTI ID:5295593

Li, A P; Clark, C R; Hanson, R L; Henderson, T R; Hobbs, C H

The dichloromethane extract of a coal combustion fly ash sample obtained from an experimental fluidized bed coal combustor was tested for mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium and cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The extract was directly mutagenic in S typhimurium strain TA98 and the nitroreducatase deficient strains TA98NR and TA98/1,8DNP/sub 6/. The mutagenicity observed in TA98NR and TA98/1,8DNP/sub 6/ was lower than that in TA98. Addition of exogenous Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver supernatant (liver S9) decreased the bacterial mutagenicity of the extract. A different mutagenic response was observed in CHO cells. In the absence of liver S9, although the extract was cytotoxic to CHO cells, no significant mutagenicity was observed. Addition of exogenous liver S9 decreased the cytotoxicity and increased the mutagenicity at both Na/sup +/ -K/sup +/ -ATPase and hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) gene loci in CHO cells. Using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and tandem quadruple mass spectrometry, a number of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs (nitro-PAHs) were tentatively identified and quantitated. A possible explanation of the difference in bacterial and mammalian mutagenicity of the extract is that the bacterial mutagenicity was induced by the nitro-PAHs that are potent bacterial mutagens and mammalian mutagenicity was induced by both PAHs and nitro-PAHs that are promutagens.

• Research Organization: Inhalation Toxicology Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM
• OSTI ID: 5295593
• Journal Information: Environ. Manage.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Manage.; (United States) Vol. 5:3; ISSN EMNGD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
016000* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Health & Safety
560301 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOL WASTES
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
ASHES
BACTERIA
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHO CELLS
COAL
COMBUSTION
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
ENERGY SOURCES
EXTRACTION
FLUIDIZED-BED COMBUSTION
FLY ASH
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
HAMSTERS
HYDROCARBONS
MAMMALS
MATERIALS
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENESIS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
POLLUTION
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
RESIDUES
RODENTS
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SCREENING
SENSITIVITY
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
VERTEBRATES
WASTES