Induction of sister chromatid exchanges and cell division delays in human lymphocytes by microsomal activation of benzene

Journal Article · Tue Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1983 · Cancer Res.; (United States)

OSTI ID:6184534

Morimoto, K

Metabolic activation of benzene by rat liver microsomes and a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-generating system (S-9 mix) induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and cell division delays in cultured human lymphocytes. There were optimal concentrations of S-9 mix for the conversion of benzene into the active metabolites that exerted these cytotoxic effects. Reduced glutathione prevented the induction of SCEs by benzene plus S-9 mix in a dose-dependent manner. Reduced glutathione (3 mM) also prevented the induction of SCEs by catechol or hydroquinone, active metabolites of benzene and potent inducers of SCEs, strongly suggesting that glutathione did not simply inhibit the activity of S-9 mix to activate benzene but actually prevented the production of DNA lesions by the active metabolites. Pulse treatment of cells with benzene plus S-9 mix produced the largest number of SCEs when administered at 40 hr of culture (fixed at 72 hr) but did not induce SCEs when administered immediately after the beginning of culture. This indicates that induced DNA lesions that could lead to formation of SCEs are removed in time.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, San Francisco
• DOE Contract Number: AC03-76SF01012
• OSTI ID: 6184534
• Journal Information: Cancer Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Cancer Res.; (United States) Vol. 43; ISSN CNREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550300* -- Cytology
560301 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
BENZENE
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CELL DIVISION
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
COENZYMES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DAMAGE
DNA
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
DRUGS
GLUTATHIONE
HYDROCARBONS
INHIBITION
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
METABOLITES
MICROSOMES
MUTATIONS
NADP
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANOIDS
PEPTIDES
POLYPEPTIDES
PRIMATES
PROTEINS
RADIOPROTECTIVE SUBSTANCES
RATS
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
RODENTS
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES