High-dose total-body irradiation and autologous marrow reconstitution in dogs: dose-rate-related acute toxicity and fractionation-dependent long-term survival

Journal Article · Sun Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1981 · Radiat. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2307/3575670· OSTI ID:6028049

Deeg, H J; Storb, R; Weiden, P L; Schumacher, D; Shulman, H; Graham, T; Thomas, E D

Beagle dogs treated by total-body irradiation (TBI) were given autologous marrow grafts in order to avoid death from marrow toxicity. Acute and delayed non-marrow toxicities of high single-dose (27 dogs) and fractionated TBI (20 dogs) delivered at 0.05 or 0.1 Gy/min were compared. Fractionated TBI was given in increments of 2 Gy every 6 hr for three increments per day. Acute toxicity and early mortality (<1 month) at identical total irradiation doses were comparable for dogs given fractionated or single-dose TBI. With single-dose TBI, 14, 16, and 18 Gy, respectively, given at 0.05 Gy/min, 0/5, 5/5, and 2/2 dogs died from acute toxicity; with 10, 12, and 14 Gy, respectively, given at 0.1 Gy/min, 1/5, 4/5, and 5/5 dogs died acutely. With fractionated TBI, 14 and 16 Gy, respectively, given at 0.1 Gy/min, 1/5, 4/5, and 2/2 dogs died auctely. Early deaths were due to radiation enteritis with or without associated septicemia (29 dogs; less than or equal to Day 10). Three dogs given 10 Gy of TBI at 0.1 Gy/min died from bacterial pneumonia; one (Day 18) had been given fractionated and two (Days 14, 22) single-dose TBI. Fifteen dogs survived beyond 1 month; eight of these had single-dose TBI (10-14 Gy) and all died within 7 months of irradiation from a syndrome consisting of hepatic damage, pancreatic fibrosis, malnutrition, wasting, and anemia. Seven of the 15 had fractionated TBI, and only one (14 Gy) died on Day 33 from hepatic failure, whereas 6 (10-14 Gy) are alive and well 250 to 500 days after irradiation. In conclusion, fractionated TBI did not offer advantages over single-dose TBI with regard to acute toxicity and early mortality; rather, these were dependent upon the total dose of TBI. The total acutely tolerated dose was dependent upon the exposure rate; however, only dogs given fractionated TBI became healthy long-term survivors.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
• OSTI ID: 6028049
• Journal Information: Radiat. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Radiat. Res.; (United States) Vol. 88:2; ISSN RAREA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

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62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANEMIAS
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
BEAGLES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BODY
BONE MARROW
DISEASES
DOGS
DOSES
EXTERNAL IRRADIATION
FIBROSIS
FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION
GRAFTS
HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM
HEMIC DISEASES
IMMUNOLOGY
INJURIES
IRRADIATION
MAMMALS
MORTALITY
ORGANS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATION INJURIES
RADIOIMMUNOLOGY
SYMPTOMS
TISSUES
TOXICITY
TRANSPLANTS
VERTEBRATES
WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATION