Toxicity of petroleum crude oils and their effect on xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme activities in the chicken embryo in ovo

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1986 · Environ. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(86)80017-2· OSTI ID:6023472

Lee, Y Z; O'Brien, P J; Payne, J F; Rahimtula, A D

Microliter quantities of a Prudhoe Bay crude oil (PBCO) applied to the shell of fertile chick eggs during various stages of development induced cytochrome P-450 levels and mixed-function oxidase activities within the liver of the embryo. PBCO (5 ..mu..l) applied on Day 11 of incubation was found to maximally induce within 24 hr embryo hepatic cytochrome P-450 levels (fourfold), naphthalene hydroxylase (sixfold), benzo(a)pyrene 3-hyroxylase (14-fold), and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (24-fold). Glutathione S-transferase was not induced. Crude oils are known to be highly toxic to avian embryos, especially during the early stages of development. The LD/sub 50/ of PBCO and Hibernia crude oil applied to the egg shell on Day 8 of incubation was found to be 1.3 and 2.2 ..mu..l, respectively. Mixed-function oxidase-dependent metabolism of crude oil components may be required for toxicity since administration of 20 ..mu..g of disulfiram in dioxane 1 hr prior to application of 1.3 ..mu..l of PBCO reduced embryo mortality from 60 to 20%.

• Research Organization: Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John's
• OSTI ID: 6023472
• Journal Information: Environ. Res.; (United States), Vol. 39:1
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
02 PETROLEUM
CYTOCHROME OXIDASE
ENZYME ACTIVITY
EMBRYOS
SENSITIVITY
HYDROXYLASES
MIXED-FUNCTION OXIDASES
PETROLEUM
TOXICITY
XENOBIOTICS
METABOLISM
CHICKENS
ANIMALS
BIRDS
ENERGY SOURCES
ENZYMES
FOSSIL FUELS
FOWL
FUELS
HAEM DEHYDROGENASES
OXIDOREDUCTASES
OXYGENASES
VERTEBRATES
560305* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Vertebrates- (-1987)
020900 - Petroleum- Environmental Aspects