Aqueous high-temperature chemistry of carbo- and heterocycles. 2. Monosubstituted benzenes: Benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid

Journal Article · · Energy and Fuels; (USA)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/chin.199105104· OSTI ID:5975323

Katritzky, A R; Balasubramanian, M ^[1]; Siskin, M ^[2]

---

1. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville (USA)
2. Exxon Research and Engineering Company, Annandale, NJ (USA)

Benzyl alcohol is not very reactive under aquathermolysis conditions, except in the presence of acids. Almost all the products are formed by ionic pathways. It undergoes reversible dehydration to dibenzyl ether, disproportionation to benzaldehyde and toluene, and self-benzylation to 2- and 4-benzylbenzyl alcohols. These benzylbenzyl alcohols can react further, but major amounts of polyalkylated products are formed by the mono- and dibenzylation of toluene to give a range of dibenzyltoluenes and (benzylbenzyl)toluenes. Small amounts of diphenylmethane and bibenzyl and their benzylated products are also formed. The behavior of benzyl alcohol in the presence of phenol, pyridine, benzaldehyde, and benzene is also studied and rationalized. Benzaldehyde is much less reactive, except in the presence of formaldehyde, and especially in the presence of formic acid, when considerable formation of benzyl alcohol occurs and siphoning into this reaction matrix is observed. Benzoic acid is still less reactive.

• OSTI ID: 5975323
• Journal Information: Energy and Fuels; (USA), Journal Name: Energy and Fuels; (USA) Vol. 4:5; ISSN 0887-0624; ISSN ENFUE
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010600 -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Properties & Composition
04 OIL SHALES AND TAR SANDS
040500* -- Oil Shales & Tar Sands-- Properties & Composition
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
ALKYLATED AROMATICS
AROMATICS
AUTOHYDROLYSIS
AZINES
BENZALDEHYDE
BENZENE
BENZOIC ACID
BENZYL ALCOHOL
BIBENZYL
BITUMINOUS MATERIALS
BROWN COAL
CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHROMATOGRAPHY
COAL
DATA
DECOMPOSITION
DEHYDRATION
ENERGY SOURCES
ETHERS
FORMALDEHYDE
FORMIC ACID
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
HEAT TREATMENTS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROLYSIS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
KEROGEN
KINETICS
LIGNITE
LYSIS
MASS SPECTROSCOPY
MATERIALS
MONOCARBOXYLIC ACIDS
OIL SHALES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC MATTER
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHENOL
PHENOLS
PYRIDINE
PYRIDINES
REACTION KINETICS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLVOLYSIS
SPECTROSCOPY
STRUCTURAL CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SUBBITUMINOUS COAL
SYNTHESIS
TOLUENE