Effects of fasting on plasma glucose and prolonged tracer measurement of hepatic glucose output in NIDDM

Journal Article · Thu Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987 · Diabetes; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2337/diab.36.10.1187· OSTI ID:5857000

Glauber, H; Wallace, P; Brechtel, G

We studied the measurement of hepatic glucose output (HGO) with prolonged (3-/sup 3/H)glucose infusion in 14 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Over the course of 10.5 h, plasma glucose concentration fell with fasting by one-third, from 234 +/- 21 to 152 +/- 12 mg/dl, and HGO fell from 2.35 +/- 0.18 to 1.36 +/- 0.07 mg . kg-1 . min-1 (P less than .001). In the basal state, HGO and glucose were significantly correlated (r = 0.68, P = .03), and in individual patients, HGO and glucose were closely correlated as both fell with fasting (mean r = 0.79, P less than .01). Plasma (3-/sup 3/H)glucose radioactivity approached a steady state only 5-6 h after initiation of the primed continuous infusion, and a 20% overestimate of HGO was demonstrated by not allowing sufficient time for tracer labeling of the glucose pool. Assumption of steady-state instead of non-steady-state kinetics in using Steele's equations to calculate glucose turnover resulted in a 9-24% overestimate of HGO. Stimulation of glycogenolysis by glucagon injection demonstrated no incorporation of (3-/sup 3/H)glucose in hepatic glycogen during the prolonged tracer infusion. In a separate study, plasma glucose was maintained at fasting levels (207 +/- 17 mg/dl) for 8 h with the glucose-clamp technique. Total glucose turnover rates remained constant during this prolonged tracer infusion. However, HGO fell to 30% of the basal value simply by maintaining fasting hyperglycemia in the presence of basal insulin levels.

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, San Diego, La Jolla
• OSTI ID: 5857000
• Journal Information: Diabetes; (United States), Journal Name: Diabetes; (United States) Vol. 36:10; ISSN DIAEA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550201* -- Biochemistry-- Tracer Techniques
550901 -- Pathology-- Tracer Techniques
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
ALDEHYDES
BIOCHEMICAL REACTION KINETICS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
CARBOHYDRATES
DIABETES MELLITUS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DISEASES
ENDOCRINE DISEASES
FASTING
GLANDS
GLUCAGON
GLUCOSE
GLYCOGEN
HEXOSES
HORMONES
INSULIN
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
KINETICS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
LIVER
METABOLIC DISEASES
METABOLISM
MONOSACCHARIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PATHOGENESIS
PATIENTS
PEPTIDE HORMONES
PEPTIDES
POLYPEPTIDES
POLYSACCHARIDES
PROTEINS
REACTION KINETICS
SACCHARIDES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
TRITIUM COMPOUNDS