Cadmium inhalation exposure estimates: their significance with respect to kidney and liver cadmium burden

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1985 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398509530644· OSTI ID:5641244

Ellis, K J; Cohn, S H; Smith, T J

Cadmium exposure histories based on employment records, area monitoring techniques, and personal sampling data were obtained for 82 industrially exposed workers. From these data, a time-weighted cumulative exposure index (TWE) was calculated for each worker by multiplying the length of time (ti) in a given work area by the estimated exposure conditions for that area and year (Ei) and then summing these values for the total exposure history TWE = sigma iEiti The cadmium body burden for each worker was measured directly by the in vivo prompt-gamma neutron activation technique. The cadmium content of the left kidney and the liver were measured. For the actively employed workers, a significant correlation was observed between the exposure index (TWE) and the liver cadmium burden. Furthermore, whenever the worker's liver burden exceeded 40 ppm and the exposure index exceeded 400-500 micrograms/m3 X yr, there was evidence of renal abnormalities (usually elevated urinary beta 2-microglobulin). The highest correlation was obtained between the kidney cadmium burden data and the exposure index for the active workers without evidence of kidney dysfunction. The percentage of workers with renal abnormalities was found to increase as the exposure index increased. When this relationship was examined using linear logistic regression analysis, the following model was indicated: logit p = 1.24 In TWE--8.34 where p is the individual worker's probability of being classified as having renal dysfunction.

• Research Organization: Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY
• OSTI ID: 5641244
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 15:1; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
BARYONS
BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATION
BODY
BODY BURDEN
CADMIUM
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CORRELATIONS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DISEASE INCIDENCE
DISEASES
ELEMENTARY PARTICLES
ELEMENTS
FERMIONS
FISSION NEUTRONS
GLANDS
HADRONS
INHALATION
INTAKE
KIDNEYS
LIVER
MATHEMATICS
METALS
NEUTRONS
NUCLEONS
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
ORGANS
PROMPT NEUTRONS
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
STATISTICS
TIME DEPENDENCE
UROGENITAL SYSTEM DISEASES