Induction of sister chromatid exchanges and bacterial revertants by organic extracts of airborne particles. [Humans]

Journal Article · Thu Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1981 · Environ. Mutagen.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/em.2860030609· OSTI ID:5462220

Lockard, J M ^[1]; Viau, C J; Lee-Stephens, C; Caldwell, J C; Wojciechowski, J P; Enoch, H G; Sabharwal, P S

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1. Thomas Hunt Morgan School of Biological Sciences, Lexington, KY

The genotoxicities of organic extracts of airborne particles have been studied extensively in the Salmonella/mammalian microsome (Ames) test, but in few other bioassays. In these studies, we tested benzene-acetone extracts of particulate pollutants collected in Lexington, Kentucky, for capacity to induce increases in sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in human lumphocytes and V79 cells, as well as in the Ames assay. Extracts induced linear dose-related increases in SCE in human lumphocytes and in bacterial revertants.However, variable responses were observed in SCE assays in V79 cells with and without activation by rat liver S9 or feeder layers of irradiated Syrian hamster fetal cells. We conclude that the SCE assay in human lumphocytes may be a useful indicator of the potential risks to humans of airborne particulate pollutants, as it utilizes human cells recently taken from the host, is rapid and economical, and requires small quantities of test materials. However, thorough studies of the quantitative relationships between SCE induction and mutagenicity in human cells are needed.

• OSTI ID: 5462220
• Journal Information: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 3:6; ISSN ENMUD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560301* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
560302 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMAL CELLS
BACTERIA
BIOASSAY
BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
FEDERAL REGION IV
KENTUCKY
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MATERIALS
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTANTS
MUTATIONS
NORTH AMERICA
PARTICLES
PARTICULATES
POLLUTION
REVERTANTS
SCREENING
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
USA