Technical problems associated with the production of technetium Tc 99m tin(II) pyrophosphate kits

Journal Article · Sun Nov 01 04:00:00 EST 1981 · Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5393397

Kowalsky, R J; Dalton, D R

The amount of tin(II) required for adequate reduction, complexation, and stability of technetium Tc 99m pertechnetate in radiopharmaceutical kits, and methods of preventing the loss of tin(II) during formulation of these lyophilized kits are investigated. Tin(II) loss from stannous chloride solutions was studied under several conditions, including room air versus nitrogen atmospheres, during vial filling in a laminar-flow hood with samples frozen on dry ice versus samples at room temperature, during lyophilization, and during storage under refrigerated, ambient, and elevated temperatures. Various amounts of stannous chloride, ranging from 5 to 1000 microgram/ml, were used in formulating sodium pertechnetate Tc 99m kits containing 100 mCi technetium Tc 99m and 0.4 microgram total technetium. Samples were removed at various times; hydrolyzed technetium, pertechnetate, and technetium Tc 99m pyrophosphate were isolated on instant thin-layer chromatography-silica gel and quantified with a scintillation counter. The time necessary to deoxygenate distilled water by nitrogen purging was measured. Several sources of stannous chloride were assayed for tin(II) content. Tin(II) loss occurs rapidly in solution (15% in one hour) unless continuously protected with nitrogen, and during vial filling in a laminar-flow hood unless frozen with dry ice. No substantial loss of tin(II) was detected during lyophilization or during storage of lyophilized product at any of the three temperatures. A minimum of 400 microgram tin(II) was required to provide 90% technetium Tc 99m pyrophosphate at six hours after preparation. Adequate deoxygenation of small quantities (450 ml) of water was accomplished in less than one hour. Some stannous chloride salts were highly oxidized in the dry state, and only high-purity elemental tin wire gave acceptable yields of tin(II).

• Research Organization: Schools of Pharmacy and Medicine, Imaging Division, Department of Radiology, North Carolina Memorial Hospital, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
• OSTI ID: 5393397
• Journal Information: Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.; (United States), Journal Name: Am. J. Hosp. Pharm.; (United States) Vol. 38:11; ISSN AJHPA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
400702 -- Radiochemistry & Nuclear Chemistry-- Properties of Radioactive Materials
550601* -- Medicine-- Unsealed Radionuclides in Diagnostics
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
CHEMICAL PREPARATION
DIAGNOSTIC USES
DRUGS
ELEMENTS
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
METALS
NUCLEI
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
PHARMACOLOGY
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS
STORAGE LIFE
SYNTHESIS
TECHNETIUM 99
TECHNETIUM ISOTOPES
TIN
USES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES