Prevention of asbestos-induced cell death in rat lung fibroblasts and alveolar macrophages by scavengers of active oxygen species

Journal Article · Thu Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987 · Environ. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(87)80090-7· OSTI ID:5238413

Shatos, M A; Doherty, J M; Marsh, J P; Mossman, B T

The possible modulation of asbestos-related cell death using antioxidants in both target and effector cells of asbestosis was investigated. After exposure to crocidolite asbestos at a range of concentrations (2.5-25 ..mu..gcm/sup 2/ dish), the viability of a normal rat lung fibroblast line and freshly isolated alveolar macrophages (AM) was determined. In comparison to fibroblasts, AM were more resistant to the cytotoxic effects of asbestos. Cytotoxic concentrations of asbestos then were added to both cell types in combination with the antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD), a scavenger of superoxide (O/sub 2//sup -./), and catalase, an enzyme scavenging H/sub 2/O/sub 2/. Dimethylthiourea (DMTU), a scavenger of the hydroxyl radical (OH/sup ./) and deferoxamine, an iron chelator, also were evaluated in similar studies. Results showed significant dosage-dependent reduction of asbestos-associated cell death with all agents. In contrast, asbestos-induced toxicity was not ameliorated after addition of chemically inactivated SOD and catalase or bovine serum albumin. Results above suggest asbestos-induced cell damage is mediated by active oxygen species. In this regard, the iron associated with the fiber andor its interaction with cell membranes might be critical in deriving a modified Haber-Weiss (Fenton-type) reaction resulting in production of OH/sup ./.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington
• OSTI ID: 5238413
• Journal Information: Environ. Res.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Res.; (United States) Vol. 44:1; ISSN ENVRA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALBUMINS
AMINES
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
ANTIOXIDANTS
ASBESTOS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CATALASE
CELL KILLING
CHELATING AGENTS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DEFEROXAMINE
ENZYMES
FIBROBLASTS
FIBROSIS
HYDROXYL RADICALS
LUNGS
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
OXIDOREDUCTASES
PATHOGENESIS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PEROXIDASES
PHAGOCYTES
PROTEINS
RADICALS
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SCAVENGING
SENSITIVITY
SOMATIC CELLS
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE
SUPEROXIDE RADICALS
THIOUREAS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES