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Surface phenomena in liquid metal alloys with application to development of a liquid metal ion source of B and As

Thesis/Dissertation ·
OSTI ID:5214530

A liquid metal ion (LMI) source is a low volatility liquid metal film which flows to the apex of a solid needle support structure. Subsequent application of a high electric field deforms the liquid and results in ion emission. Considerable interest has been shown in development of LMI sources capable of producing a variety of technologically important ions. For implantation of silicon, for example, B is the preferred p-type dopant, while As and P are the preferred n-type dopants. It has been difficult to construct long-lived ion sources based upon these species because B possesses a high melting point and reacts strongly with most refractory metal supports, while As and P have high vapor pressures. To overcome these difficulties, the material and thermochemical properties of liquid metal alloy surfaces were studied. A number of successful contact systems were identified for B, while the development of a LMI source of As was completely solved. To lower the chemical reactivity of B alloys, it was necessary to utilize nonmetallic support structures. In these cases wettability of B based alloys is governed by surface segregation of low-level, low-surface tension impurities within the alloys that inhibit reaction between the alloy and substrate. Coating the substrate with a material having a high affinity to carbon (e.g., B, or Si) acts to tie up the segregated material and promote wetting.

Research Organization:
Oregon Graduate Center, Portland (USA)
OSTI ID:
5214530
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English