Characterization of xylose uptake in the yeasts Pichia heedii and Pichia stipitis
- Univ. of California, Davis (USA)
The efficient conversion of renewable biomass to ethanol is an area of active research. Pentoses make up nearly one-third of the reducing sugars derived from the hydrolysis of lignocellulose, with xylose as the major component. The kinetics of xylose uptake were investigated in the efficient xylose fermenter Pichia stipitis and in the more readily genetically manipulated, strictly respiratory yeast Pichia heedii. Both yeasts demonstrated more than one xylose uptake system, differing in substrate affinity. The K{sub m} of high-affinity xylose uptake in both organisms was similar to that of the efficient high-affinity glucose uptake system of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In P. heedii, low-affinity xylose uptake was enhanced with growth on 2% but not 0.05% xylose and high-affinity uptake was reduced. In contrast to glucose uptake, xylose uptake in P. heedii was inhibited by dinitrophenol. Dinitrophenol inhibited both glucose and xylose uptake by P. stipitis. Glucose uptake was not inhibited by a 100-fold molar excess of xylose in P. heedii. It is suggested that xylose uptake in P. heedii is via a carrier system(s) distinct from those for glucose uptake.
- OSTI ID:
- 5166266
- Journal Information:
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology; (USA), Journal Name: Applied and Environmental Microbiology; (USA) Vol. 55:1; ISSN 0099-2240; ISSN AEMID
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
090900* -- Biomass Fuels-- Processing-- (1990-)
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
AROMATICS
BIOCONVERSION
BIOSYNTHESIS
CARBOHYDRATES
ETHANOL
EUMYCOTA
FERMENTATION
FUNGI
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
INHIBITION
METABOLISM
MICROORGANISMS
MONOSACCHARIDES
NITRO COMPOUNDS
NITROPHENOL
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PENTOSES
PHENOLS
PLANTS
SACCHARIDES
SYNTHESIS
UPTAKE
XYLOSE
YEASTS