Potential usefulness of biological markers in risk assessment
Substantial data have been generated during the last 5 years in experimental systems and human populations which shed light on the potential usefulness of biological markers in human cancer risk assessment. Following a brief review of overall progress to date in the biomonitoring of human populations, this paper turns to the growing body of data regarding carcinogen-DNA and protein adducts as illustrative markers of biologically effective dose of carcinogens. The data base illustrates considerable human interindividual variation in binding and the presence of significant background levels of adducts-both of which support the absence of human population thresholds for exposure to carcinogens. The contribution of adduct data to our understanding of the shape of low-dose-response curve and the reliability of interspecies extrapolation, as well as the relevance of adducts to cancer risk, are also discussed. Even though adducts can now be useful in hazard identification or qualitative risk assessment,more research is needed before they can serve as quantitative predictors of human cancer risk.
- Research Organization:
- Columbia Univ. School of Public Health, New York, NY (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5101729
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Health Perspect.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Health Perspect.; (United States) Vol. 76; ISSN EVHPA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ADDUCTS
AFLATOXIN
ANIMALS
ANTIGENS
AROMATICS
BENZOPYRENE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
CARCINOGENESIS
CARCINOGENS
CHLORINATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DNA ADDUCTS
DNA REPAIR
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
ELEMENTS
EVALUATION
HALOGENATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
HUMAN POPULATIONS
HYDROCARBONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATERIALS
METALS
MUTATIONS
ORGANIC CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
PERSONNEL
PLATINUM COMPOUNDS
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
POPULATIONS
PRIMATES
RADIATIONS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
RISK ASSESSMENT
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
TOXIC MATERIALS
TOXINS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
VERTEBRATES
VINYL CHLORIDE