Methods to inactivate enteric viruses in wastewater sludge

Technical Report · Wed Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1978

OSTI ID:5042691

Ward, R L; Ashley, C S

Sewage sludge contains an agent that causes inactivation of poliovirus at temperatures at least as low as 4 C. This agent has been identified as ammonia. The mechanism by which ammonia inactivates poliovirus is to stimulate cleavage of viral RNA within the intact virion. Sludge also contains material that is protective of poliovirus against heat inactivation but its effect can be reversed by ammonia. The protective substance may be the same component of sludge that greatly reduces the temperature required to inactivate reovirus. This substance apparently becomes concentrated during the drying of sludge but was not found in composted sludge which suggests that it is destroyed during composting.

• Research Organization: Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N.Mex. (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: EY-76-C-04-0789
• OSTI ID: 5042691
• Report Number(s): SAND-77-1498
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATION
320604 -- Energy Conservation
Consumption
& Utilization-- Municipalities & Community Systems-- Municipal Waste Management-- (1980-)
560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AMMONIA
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
FERTILIZERS
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HEATING
HYDRIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INACTIVATION
MICROORGANISMS
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN HYDRIDES
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PARASITES
POLIO VIRUS
RNA
SEWAGE
SEWAGE SLUDGE
SURVIVAL TIME
USES
VIRUSES
WASTES