RADIOACTIVE RADIATION INJURY: ITS ORIGIN, SYMPTOMATOLOGY, PROPHYLAXIS, AND THERAPY

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1963 · Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae (Switzerland)

OSTI ID:4736183

Dolder, R

Drugs and techniques employed in the prevention and treatment of radiation injury are described, and there is a discussion on: the nature of ionizing radiations, both of the primary and secondary type; primary and secondary reactions of radiations with biological materials and systems; the interaction of radiations with sulfhydryl groups; the means by which human radiation injury may be incurred, from various internal and external sources; symptoms, pathology, phases, and dose-relations of radiation sickness in humans; radiosensitivity of various human tissues; and genetic effects of radiation. In addition to the radioprotective thiol compounds, such as cysteamine, cysteine, and BETA -aminoethylthiuronium, some protection is afforded by a variety of substances, for which the mechanism of protection is unknown, including: sympathomimetic phenylalkylamines, such as amphetamine, especially in combination with thiol compounds; phosphate esters with anticholinesterase activity, such as octaethyltetramide pyrophosphate; serotonin; Na chlorophyll; and sitosterol. Drugs suitable for treatment of various aspects of radiation sickness in man are also discussed, including phenothiazines and barbiturates for psychic disturbances, plasma expanders for shock, antihistamines for stress reactions, antibiotics for infections, liver protectants, parenteral nutrients, antihemorrhagic agents, and hematopoietic cofactors and vitamins. Use of various chelating agents for removal of ingested radionuclides is also considered, and applications of ethylenediaminetetraacetate, diaminodiethyl ether pentaacetate, dimercaptopropanol (BAL), and Na and Zr citrate are cited. (H.H.D.)

• Research Organization: Kantonsapotheke, Zurich
• NSA Number: NSA-17-017932
• OSTI ID: 4736183
• Journal Information: Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae (Switzerland), Journal Name: Pharmaceutica Acta Helvetiae (Switzerland) Vol. Vol: 38; ISSN PAHEA
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: German

Related Subjects

ACETATES
AET
ALCOHOLS
ALKYL RADICALS
AMINES
ANTIBIOTICS
BAL
BARBITURIC ACID
BEHAVIOR
BENZEDRINE
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
BLOOD PLASMA
CHELATES
CHLOROPHYLL
CITRIC ACID
CYSTEAMINE
CYSTEINE
DECONTAMINATION
DIET
DRUGS
EDTA
ENZYMES
ESTERS
ETHERS
ETHYL RADICALS
GENETICS
HEMORRHAGE
HETEROCYCLICS
HISTAMINE
IMIDAZOLES
INDOLES
INFECTIONS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LIVER
MAN
MEA
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
PHENOTHIAZINES
PHENYL RADICALS
PHOSPHATES
PROPANOL
PYRIMIDINES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATION INJURIES
RADIATION PROTECTION
RADIATION SICKNESS
RADIATION SOURCES
RADIATIONS
RADIOBIOLOGY
RADIOISOTOP