CHEMICAL ANTIDOTES FOR RADIATION INJURY

Journal Article · Wed Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1961 · Arch. Environmental Health

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1961.10662853· OSTI ID:4087941

Doull, J

The development of antidotes to radiation toxicity is hampered by a lack of understanding of mechanisms by which radiation produces its toxic effects. Antidodes are defined as substances which counteract the effect of toxic agents either through chemical inactivation or by antagonizing the physiological effects of the poison. Radioprotective agents can be considered as antidotes against radiation injury. Most of the currently available chemical antidotes against radiation injury are of the prophylactic type and are not effective unless given prior to the time of radiation exposure. The therapy of radiation injuries depends at present on the symptomatic or postirradiation treatment of specific aspects of the radiation syndrome. A review is included of the effects of anoxia, cyanide, various chemicals which produce methemoglobinemia, various aniline and acetamide derivatives, certain biological amines, sulfhydryl or thiol derivatives, and other chemicals against radiation injuries in mammals. Possible reaction mechanisms are discussed. 50 references. (C.H.)

• Research Organization: Univ. of Chicago
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• NSA Number: NSA-15-010701
• OSTI ID: 4087941
• Journal Information: Arch. Environmental Health, Journal Name: Arch. Environmental Health Vol. Vol: 2
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: English

Related Subjects

AMIDES
AMINES
ANIMALS
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
CHEMICALS
CYANIDES
HEMOGLOBIN
MEDICINE
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN
RADIATION INJURIES
RADIATION PROTECTION
RADIATION SICKNESS
THERAPY
THIOLS
TOXICITY