Theory of the induction of bone sarcoma by bone-seeking alpha emitters and its application to risk assessment
This work discusses the theory of bone sarcoma induction by bone seeking alpha emitters, which is based strictly on biological considerations relative to the mechanism of radiation-induced carcinogenesis, identification of cells at risk and their location in bone, bone tissue renewal processes and bone cell kinetics with or without radiation exposure. The model is consistent with the data on bone sarcoma incidence human with incorporated long-lived isotopes Ra-226 + Ra-228. Extrapolation of these data to a low intake region of the basis of the developed theoretical approach suggests that the linear ICRP-UNSCEAR model overestimates carciogenic risk at low doses, possibly by a factor of 2-4. The model suggests a linear response of target cells to the initiation effects of alpha irradiation. The non-linear (linear-quadratic) initial part of dose-response curve for osteosarcoma induction is explained quantitatively by a model based on a promoter effect of regenerative hyperplasia resulting from invitation effects of alpha radiation. The maximum overestimation inherent to the model of the low-level risk due to the the dose-dependent promotion factor is estimated using bo{sup +1}/bo, where bo is a model parameter which is proportional to the normal division rate of osteogenic cells in vivo and which can be estimated within the framework of the model. The model provides confirming evidence that, for radiation protection purposes, endosteal cells may be considered the only group of cells at risk of sarcoma induction by low doses of bone-seeking alpha emitters, whereas the role of marrow stromal (osteogenic) cells as target cells is much more significant with increasing intakes, and can become dominating if intake is high enough.
- Research Organization:
- Lawrence Livermore National Lab. (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)
- OSTI ID:
- 377112
- Report Number(s):
- UCRL-CR-121087; CONF-9206470-; ON: DE96010893; TRN: 96:003720-0001
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: United States/Russia workshop on the stochastic health effects of radiation, Davis, CA (United States), 15-19 Jun 1992; Other Information: PBD: Jun 1992; Related Information: Is Part Of United States-Russian workshop on the stochastic health effects of radiation; Goldman, M.; Petojan, I.; Buldakov, L.A. [and others]; PB: 201 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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