Synthesis of hierarchical graphene coated porous Si anode for lithium-ion batteries

Xu, Shuai; Zhou, Jigang; Zuin, Lucia; Sun, Di; Zhao, Julia; Bellal, Abdelmalek; Hou, Xiaodong

doi:10.1016/j.est.2024.112789

Synthesis of hierarchical graphene coated porous Si anode for lithium-ion batteries

Journal Article · Wed Jul 03 00:00:00 EDT 2024 · Journal of Energy Storage

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.112789· OSTI ID:2440733

Xu, Shuai ^[1]; Zhou, Jigang ^[2]; Zuin, Lucia ^[2]; Sun, Di ^[3]; Zhao, Julia ^[3]; Bellal, Abdelmalek ^[3]; Hou, Xiaodong ^[3]

University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States); University of North Dakota
Canadian Light Source Inc., Saskatoon (Canada)
University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)

The ultra-high capacity and widespread availability of Si materials have resulted in them being the focus of extensive studies to replace the graphite anode. However, the main barriers preventing the Si anodes from large-scale applications are their huge volume change and severe interface reactions in the lithiation/delithiation process, which pulverizes its structure and subsequently deteriorates its cycle life. Here, micrometer-scale porous Si coated with graphene coating (mpSi@G) has been synthesized by using SiO₂ nanoparticles and novel coal-derived humic acid as feedstocks through a magnesiothermic reduction, followed by spray drying and calcination techniques. SEM, Raman, and X-ray absorption analysis demonstrate that the hierarchical graphene shell and micrometer-sized porous Si structure effectively release the Si anode's mechanical stress upon lithiation to achieve good structural stability. Here, the synthesized mpSi@G anode delivers a high initial lithiation capacity of 2974.9 mAh g^–1 at 0.1 A g^–1 with an initial coulombic efficiency of 70.2 %. Furthermore, the conductive hierarchical graphene network, along with the tight contacts of porous-Si and the graphene shell, contribute to a high capacity of 1109.5 mAh g^–1 at a high current density of 5.0 A g^–1, showing excellent rate capability.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE; USDOE Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM), Office of Carbon Management

Grant/Contract Number:: FE0026825; FE0031984

OSTI ID:: 2440733

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 2459341

Journal Information:: Journal of Energy Storage, Journal Name: Journal of Energy Storage Vol. 97; ISSN 2352-152X

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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