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A Novel Approach to Synthesize Micrometer-Sized Porous Silicon as a High Performance Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Journal Article · · Nano Energy
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  1. Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
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Porous structured silicon (p-Si) has been recognized as one of the most promising anodes for Li-ion batteries. However, many available methods to synthesize p-Si are difficult to scale up due to their high production cost. Here we introduce a new approach to obtain spherical micrometer-sized silicon with unique porous structure by using a microemulsion of the cost-effective of silica nanoparticles and magnesiothermic reduction method. The spherical micron-sized p-Si particles prepared by this approach consist of highly aligned nano-sized silicon and exhibit a tap density close to that of bulk Si particles. They have demonstrated significantly improved electrochemical stability compared to nano-Si. Well controlled void space and a highly graphitic carbon coating on the p-Si particles enable good stability of the structure and low overall resistance, thus resulting in a Si-based anode with high capacity (~1467 mAh g–1 at 1 C), enhanced cycle life (370 cycles with 83% capacity retention), and high rate capability (~650 mAh g–1 at 5 C). Furthermore, this approach may also be generalized to prepare other hierarchical structured high capacity anode materials for constructing high energy density lithium ion batteries.
Research Organization:
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-05CH11231; AC02-98CH10886; AC05-76RL01830
OSTI ID:
1439095
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1490315
OSTI ID: 1495510
Report Number(s):
PNNL-SA--131369; PII: S221128551830363X
Journal Information:
Nano Energy, Journal Name: Nano Energy Vol. 50; ISSN 2211-2855
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (17)

Scalable synthesis of ant-nest-like bulk porous silicon for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes journal March 2019
Dimensionally Designed Carbon-Silicon Hybrids for Lithium Storage journal November 2018
Zn(Cu)Si 2+ x P 3 Solid Solution Anodes for High‐Performance Li‐Ion Batteries with Tunable Working Potentials journal June 2019
Facile Fabrication of Porous Si Microspheres from Low‐Cost Precursors for High‐Capacity Electrode journal December 2019
High‐Performance Silicon Anodes Enabled By Nonflammable Localized High‐Concentration Electrolytes journal July 2019
Hierarchical Microspheres of Aggregated Silicon Nanoparticles with Nanometre Gaps as the Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Excellent Cycling Stability journal January 2019
A Cost‐Effective and Scaleable Approach for the In‐Situ Synthesis of Porous Carbon‐Coated Micrometer‐Sized AlSi Particles as Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries journal March 2019
Engineering Carbon Distribution in Silicon‐Based Anodes at Multiple Scales journal November 2019
Stress evolution with concentration-dependent compositional expansion in a silicon lithium-ion battery anode particle journal August 2019
Silicon/Carbon Composite Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries journal February 2019
Encapsulation of core–satellite silicon in carbon for rational balance of the void space and capacity journal January 2019
An Al 2 O 3 coating layer on mesoporous Si nanospheres for stable solid electrolyte interphase and high-rate capacity for lithium ion batteries journal January 2019
Towards high energy density lithium battery anodes: silicon and lithium journal January 2019
Carbon coated porous silicon flakes with high initial coulombic efficiency and long-term cycling stability for lithium ion batteries journal January 2019
Boosting the initial coulombic efficiency in silicon anodes through interfacial incorporation of metal nanocrystals journal January 2019
Hollow Silicon Oxide Sphere Coated with Cuprous Oxide and Polyaniline as an Anode for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries journal March 2019
A Green and Low-Cost Approach to Synthesize Bamboo Charcoal@Si@C Composites as Anode for High-Performance Li-Ion Batteries journal January 2019

Figures / Tables (5)

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Related Subjects

25 ENERGY STORAGE
Li ion batteries
anode
micrometer-sized silicon
nano pores
porous structure
silicon