2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalent emissions from cement kilns burning hazardous waste
- Schreiber, Grana and Yonley, Inc., St. Louis, MO (United States)
- Gossman Consulting, Inc., Hampshire, IL (United States)
Effective August 21, 1991 the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) adopted the Boiler and Industrial Furnace (BIF) rules which govern cement kiln operations burning hazardous waste fuel and set limits on cement kiln emissions of metals, HCL/chlorine and organics. Dioxin testing was required to address the concerns of the USEPA arising from the review of stack test data from municipal waste combustion units. Dioxin emissions tests were developed and designed to meet EPA criteria under worst-case conditions and performed at 15 cement plants. Upon compilation of this data, an evaluation was performed for a correlation between HCl and Cl{sub 2} emissions and dioxin emissions. When no correlation was found, additional data analysis revealed a trend between the kiln exit temperature and dioxin emissions. Additional data were gathered from selected cement plants and the available individual run data was plotted against temperatures at APCD device inlets. The dioxin emissions show a decrease in concentration as a function of decreasing temperature. This corresponds with EPA`s concerns about dioxin emissions increasing as a function of stack or APCD temperatures. In conclusion, temperature seems to be a primary factor for dioxin formation. If temperatures can be controlled below 400 F, there may be a reduction in dioxin emissions from cement kilns whether or not they burn hazardous waste fuels.
- OSTI ID:
- 234019
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9404294--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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