Efficacy of an inactivated Senecavirus A vaccine in weaned pigs and mature sows

Journal Article · Wed Feb 16 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Vaccine

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.018· OSTI ID:1981787

Buckley, Alexandra ^[1]; Lager, Kelly ^[1]

---

1. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, IA (United States)

Senecavirus A (SVA), commonly known as Seneca Valley virus (SVV) is a causative agent for vesicular disease in swine. It has been found across the globe including the United States, Brazil, and China. Clinical disease caused by this virus is identical to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Since FMDV has the potential to cause severe economic consequences in FMDV-free countries, those countries are on high alert for signs of vesicles in swine and an investigation is performed to rule out the presence of FMDV if observed. In countries where SVA cases have continued to occur, investigations and testing can cause a burden on personnel and resources. The objectives of this study were to test the efficacy of a whole-virus inactivated SVA vaccine against challenge in nursery-aged pigs, mature sows, and to assess the protection of passive maternal immunity generated by immunized dams. Animals were given two doses of the vaccine intramuscularly three weeks apart and challenged intranasally two weeks after the second dose. Non-vaccinated animals challenged with SVA developed clinical signs of disease, replicated virus, and developed a neutralizing antibody response. Vaccinated animals had robust neutralizing titers after two doses; and after challenge, did not develop vesicular disease and had limited rectal shedding. Piglets suckling immunized dams and challenged with SVA at 3–6 days-of-age had neutralizing titers prior to challenge and did not replicate or shed virus. An efficacious vaccine could improve swine welfare and reduce the economic consequences of continued foreign animal disease investigations.

• Research Organization: Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• Grant/Contract Number: AC05-06OR23100
• OSTI ID: 1981787
• Journal Information: Vaccine, Journal Name: Vaccine Journal Issue: 12 Vol. 40; ISSN 0264-410X
• Publisher: Elsevier
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
Immunology
Inactivated
Passive immunity
Research & Experimental Medicine
Senecavirus A
Vaccine