Bacterial xylan utilization regulons: systems for coupling depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylans with assimilation and metabolism

Chow, Virgina; Nong, Guang; St John, Franz J.; Sawhney, Neha; Rice, John D.; Preston, James F.

doi:10.1093/jimb/kuab080

Bacterial xylan utilization regulons: systems for coupling depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylans with assimilation and metabolism

Journal Article · 03 November 2021 · Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1093/jimb/kuab080· OSTI ID:1979494

Chow, Virgina ^[1]; Nong, Guang ^[1]; ^[2]; Sawhney, Neha ^[1]; Rice, John D. ^[1]; Preston, James F. ^[1]

Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
Forest Products Laboratory, Institute for Microbial and Biochemical Technology, USDA Forest Service, Madison, WI 53726, USA

Abstract Bioconversion of lignocellulosic resources offers an economically promising path to renewable energy. Technological challenges to achieving bioconversion include the development of cost-effective processes that render the cellulose and hemicellulose components of these resources to fermentable hexoses and pentoses. Natural bioprocessing of the hemicellulose fraction of lignocellulosic biomass requires depolymerization of methylglucuronoxylans. This requires secretion of endoxylanases that release xylooligosaccharides and aldouronates. Physiological, biochemical, and genetic studies with selected bacteria support a process in which a cell-anchored multimodular GH10 endoxylanase catalyzes release of the hydrolysis products, aldotetrauronate, xylotriose, and xylobiose, which are directly assimilated and metabolized. Gene clusters encoding intracellular enzymes, including α-glucuronidase, endoxylanase, β-xylosidase, ABC transporter proteins, and transcriptional regulators, are coordinately responsive to substrate induction or repression. The rapid rates of glucuronoxylan utilization and microbial growth, along with the absence of detectable products of depolymerization in the medium, indicate that assimilation and depolymerization are coupled processes. Genomic comparisons provide evidence that such systems occur in xylanolytic species in several genera, including Clostridium, Geobacillus, Paenibacillus, and Thermotoga. These systems offer promise, either in their native configurations or through gene transfer to other organisms, to develop biocatalysts for efficient production of fuels and chemicals from the hemicellulose fractions of lignocellulosic resources.

Research Organization:: Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research, Inc., St. Simons, GA (United States); Univ. of Florida, Gainesville, FL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)

DOE Contract Number:: FG36-02GO12026; FC36-00GO10594; FC36-99GO10476

OSTI ID:: 1979494

Journal Information:: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Vol. 49, Issue 2; ISSN 1367-5435

Publisher:: Springer

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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