Planar tunneling spectroscopy on van der Waals superconductors with AlOx junction grown by atomic layer deposition

Ji, Yu; Wang, Hao; Dong, Zehao; Ye, Shusen; Li, Qingyang; Gao, Zhiting; Gu, Genda D.; Hao, Zhenqi; Wang, Yayu

doi:10.1063/5.0124947

Planar tunneling spectroscopy on van der Waals superconductors with AlO_x junction grown by atomic layer deposition

Journal Article · Thu Jan 05 00:00:00 EST 2023 · Journal of Applied Physics

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0124947· OSTI ID:1924193

^[1]; Wang, Hao ^[1]; ^[1]; ^[1]; Li, Qingyang ^[1]; Gao, Zhiting ^[1]; ^[2]; ^[1]; ^[3]

Tsinghua University, Beijing (China)
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States). Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Dept.
Tsinghua University, Beijing (China); Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing (China); Hefei National Laboratory (China)

Here, we demonstrate a method for fabricating a high-quality AlO_x-based planar tunnel junction using atomic layer deposition, integrated with the exfoliation and transfer techniques for van der Waals (vdW) materials. The tunneling spectroscopy results on exfoliated Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ and 2H-NbSe₂ vdW superconductors are highly consistent with that obtained by ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling spectroscopy on atomically clean surfaces. The planar tunneling devices enable high-precision spectroscopy over a wide range of temperatures and magnetic fields and reveal novel features and stark contrast between high-T_C cuprates and conventional superconductors. This method represents a universally applicable technique for probing the electronic structure of various two-dimensional vdW materials.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Upton, NY (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: Quantum Science and Technology; USDOE; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES)

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0012704

OSTI ID:: 1924193

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1908030

Report Number(s):: BNL-223997-2023-JAAM

Journal Information:: Journal of Applied Physics, Journal Name: Journal of Applied Physics Journal Issue: 1 Vol. 133; ISSN 0021-8979

Publisher:: American Institute of Physics (AIP)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (37)

Observation of pseudogap in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ single crystals with electron tunneling spectroscopy Tao, H. J.; Lu, Farun; Wolf, E. L. Physica C: Superconductivity, Vol. 282-287 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4534(97)00862-9	journal	August 1997
Unusual Suppression of the Superconducting Energy Gap and Critical Temperature in Atomically Thin NbSe ₂ Khestanova, E.; Birkbeck, J.; Zhu, M. Nano Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00443	journal	March 2018
Superconductor–Insulator Transitions in Exfoliated Bi ₂ Sr ₂ CaCu ₂ O _8+δ Flakes Liao, Menghan; Zhu, Yuying; Zhang, Jin Nano Letters, Vol. 18, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02183	journal	August 2018
Sub-nanometer Atomic Layer Deposition for Spintronics in Magnetic Tunnel Junctions Based on Graphene Spin-Filtering Membranes Martin, Marie-Blandine; Dlubak, Bruno; Weatherup, Robert S. ACS Nano, Vol. 8, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1021/nn5017549	journal	July 2014
A ‘checkerboard’ electronic crystal state in lightly hole-doped Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2 Hanaguri, T.; Lupien, C.; Kohsaka, Y. Nature, Vol. 430, Issue 7003 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02861	journal	August 2004
From quantum matter to high-temperature superconductivity in copper oxides Keimer, B.; Kivelson, S. A.; Norman, M. R. Nature, Vol. 518, Issue 7538 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14165	journal	February 2015
Detection of a Cooper-pair density wave in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x Hamidian, M. H.; Edkins, S. D.; Joo, Sang Hyun Nature, Vol. 532, Issue 7599 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature17411	journal	April 2016
Pairing fluctuations in the pseudogap state of copper-oxide superconductors probed by the Josephson effect Bergeal, N.; Lesueur, J.; Aprili, M. Nature Physics, Vol. 4, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1017	journal	June 2008
Spectroscopy of bulk and few-layer superconducting NbSe2 with van der Waals tunnel junctions Dvir, T.; Massee, F.; Attias, L. Nature Communications, Vol. 9, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03000-w	journal	February 2018
Visualization of the periodic modulation of Cooper pairing in a cuprate superconductor Ruan, Wei; Li, Xintong; Hu, Cheng Nature Physics, Vol. 14, Issue 12 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-018-0276-8	journal	September 2018
Optimum tunnel barrier in ferromagnetic–insulator–ferromagnetic tunneling structures Moodera, Jagadeesh S.; Gallagher, Elizabeth F.; Robinson, Keziah Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 70, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.118168	journal	June 1997
Vacuum tunneling of superconducting quasiparticles from atomically sharp scanning tunneling microscope tips Pan, S. H.; Hudson, E. W.; Davis, J. C. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 73, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.122654	journal	November 1998
Comparison of defect density measurements in magnetic tunnel junctions Allen, D.; Schad, R.; Zangari, G. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 89, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1356711	journal	June 2001
Conformal Al2O3 dielectric layer deposited by atomic layer deposition for graphene-based nanoelectronics Lee, Bongki; Park, Seong-Yong; Kim, Hyun-Chul Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 92, Issue 20 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2928228	journal	May 2008
Influence of barrier impurities on the magnetoresistance in ferromagnetic tunnel junctions Jansen, R.; Moodera, J. S. Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 83, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1063/1.367545	journal	June 1998
The transport properties in graphene/single-unit-cell cuprates van der Waals heterostructure Wu, Yufeng; Xiao, Hong; Li, Qiao Superconductor Science and Technology, Vol. 32, Issue 8 https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ab2097	journal	July 2019
Deterministic transfer of two-dimensional materials by all-dry viscoelastic stamping Castellanos-Gomez, Andres; Buscema, Michele; Molenaar, Rianda 2D Materials, Vol. 1, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/1/1/011002	journal	April 2014
Theory of Superconductivity Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. Physical Review, Vol. 108, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.108.1175	journal	December 1957
Tunneling into Superconductors at Temperatures below 1°K Giaever, I.; Hart, H. R.; Megerle, K. Physical Review, Vol. 126, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.126.941	journal	May 1962
Atomically Thin Al2O3 Films for Tunnel Junctions Wilt, Jamie; Gong, Youpin; Gong, Ming Physical Review Applied, Vol. 7, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.7.064022	journal	June 2017
Tunneling spectroscopy of c -axis epitaxial cuprate junctions Zhou, Panpan; Chen, Liyang; Sochnikov, Ilya Physical Review B, Vol. 101, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.101.224512	journal	June 2020
Electron tunneling spectroscopy of single-crystalBi2Sr2CaCu2O8 Tao, H. J.; Chang, A.; Lu, Farun Physical Review B, Vol. 45, Issue 18 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.45.10622	journal	May 1992
Vacuum tunneling spectroscopy and asymmetric density of states of Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ Renner, Ch.; Fischer, O/. Physical Review B, Vol. 51, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.51.9208	journal	April 1995
Temperature and doping dependence of the Bi 2.1 Sr 1.9 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ pseudogap and superconducting gap Matsuda, Azusa; Sugita, Satoshi; Watanabe, Takao Physical Review B, Vol. 60, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.60.1377	journal	July 1999
Superconducting correlations above T c in the pseudogap state of Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ cuprates revealed by angular-dependent magnetotunneling Jacobs, Th.; Katterwe, S. O.; Krasnov, V. M. Physical Review B, Vol. 94, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.220501	journal	December 2016
Lead Phonon Spectrum Calculated from Superconducting Density of States McMillan, W. L.; Rowell, J. M. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 14, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.14.108	journal	January 1965
Energy Gap in Superconductors Measured by Electron Tunneling Giaever, Ivar Physical Review Letters, Vol. 5, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.5.147	journal	August 1960
Pseudogap Precursor of the Superconducting Gap in Under- and Overdoped Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ Renner, Ch.; Revaz, B.; Genoud, J. -Y. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.149	journal	January 1998
Observation of the Low Temperature Pseudogap in the Vortex Cores of Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ Renner, Ch.; Revaz, B.; Kadowaki, K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 80, Issue 16 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.80.3606	journal	April 1998
STM Studies of the Electronic Structure of Vortex Cores in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ Pan, S. H.; Hudson, E. W.; Gupta, A. K. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 85, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.1536	journal	August 2000
Scanning tunneling microscopy—from birth to adolescence Binnig, Gerd; Rohrer, Heinrich Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 59, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.59.615	journal	July 1987
Doping a Mott insulator: Physics of high-temperature superconductivity Lee, Patrick A.; Nagaosa, Naoto; Wen, Xiao-Gang Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 78, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.78.17	journal	January 2006
Scanning tunneling spectroscopy of high-temperature superconductors Fischer, Øystein; Kugler, Martin; Maggio-Aprile, Ivan Reviews of Modern Physics, Vol. 79, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.79.353	journal	March 2007
A Four Unit Cell Periodic Pattern of Quasi-Particle States Surrounding Vortex Cores in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta Hoffman, J. E. Science, Vol. 295, Issue 5554 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1066974	journal	January 2002
Electronic Origin of the Inhomogeneous Pairing Interaction in the High-Tc Superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+ Pasupathy, A. N.; Pushp, A.; Gomes, K. K. Science, Vol. 320, Issue 5873 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1154700	journal	April 2008
Fermi Surface and Pseudogap Evolution in a Cuprate Superconductor He, Y.; Yin, Y.; Zech, M. Science, Vol. 344, Issue 6184 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1248221	journal	May 2014
Conductance Peak at Zero-Bias in Ag-SiO-Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8-xPlanar Tunnel Junctions Taira, Masanori; Suzuki, Morio; Zheng, Xu-Guang Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, Vol. 67, Issue 5 https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.67.1732	journal	May 1998

Figures / Tables (4)

Similar Records

Transitory Topochemical Tailoring of a van der Waals Superconductor

Journal Article · Tue Sep 30 20:00:00 EDT 2025 · Journal of the American Chemical Society · OSTI ID:3001464

Construction of van der Waals magnetic tunnel junction using ferromagnetic layered dichalcogenide

Journal Article · Mon Sep 07 00:00:00 EDT 2015 · Applied Physics Letters · OSTI ID:22482050

Related Subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS
SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITY