Black Drum Fish Teeth: Built for Crushing Mollusk Shells

Deng, Zhifei; Loh, Hyun-Chae; Jia, Zian; Stifler, Cayla A.; Masic, Admir; Gilbert, Pupa U.P.A.; Shahar, Ron; Li, Ling

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.023

Black Drum Fish Teeth: Built for Crushing Mollusk Shells

Journal Article · Tue Oct 19 00:00:00 EDT 2021 · Acta Biomaterialia

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2021.10.023· OSTI ID:1906818

^[1]; ^[2]; Jia, Zian ^[1]; Stifler, Cayla A. ^[3]; Masic, Admir ^[2]; Gilbert, Pupa U.P.A. ^[4]; ^[5]; ^[1]

Virginia Polytechnic Inst. and State Univ. (Virginia Tech), Blacksburg, VA (United States)
Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States)
Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI (United States); Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Chemical Sciences Division
Hebrew Univ. of Jerusalem (Israel)

With an exclusive diet of hard-shelled mollusks, the black drum fish (Pogonias cromis) exhibits one of the highest bite forces among extant animals. Here, in this study, we present a systematic microstructural, chemical, crystallographic, and mechanical analysis of the black drum teeth to understand the structural basis for achieving the molluscivorous requirements. At the material level, the outermost enameloid shows higher modulus (E_r = 126.9 ± 16.3 GPa, H = 5.0 ± 1.4 GPa) than other reported fish teeth, which is attributed to the stiffening effect of Zn and F doping in apatite crystals and the preferential co-alignment of crystallographic c-axes and enameloid rods along the biting direction. The high fracture toughness (K_c = 1.12 MPa∙m^1/2) of the outer enameloid also promotes local yielding instead of fracture during crushing contact with mollusk shells. At the individual-tooth scale, the molar-like teeth, high density of dentin tubules, enlarged pulp chamber, and specialized dentin-bone connection, all contribute to the functional requirements, including confinement of contact compressive stress in the stiff enameloid, enhanced energy absorption in the compliant dentin, and controlled failure of tooth-bone composite under excessive loads. These results show that the multi-scale structures of black drum teeth are adapted to feed on hard-shelled mollusks.

View Accepted Manuscript (DOE)

Research Organization:: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: National Science Foundation (NSF); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program; USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES). Chemical Sciences, Geosciences & Biosciences Division; United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-05CH11231; AC02-06CH11357; FG02-07ER15899

OSTI ID:: 1906818

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1839725
OSTI ID: 1841243
OSTI ID: 1876474

Journal Information:: Acta Biomaterialia, Journal Name: Acta Biomaterialia Vol. 137; ISSN 1742-7061

Publisher:: Acta Materialia, Inc.Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Durophagous behavior
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