Wire, hybrid, and laser-cut X-pinches as Talbot–Lau backlighters for electron density diagnostics

Valdivia, M. P.; Collins, IV, G. W.; Conti, F.; Beg, F. N.

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/ac4b95

Title: Wire, hybrid, and laser-cut X-pinches as Talbot–Lau backlighters for electron density diagnostics

Journal Article · Fri Jan 28 00:00:00 EST 2022 · Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ac4b95· OSTI ID:1887288

^[1]; Collins, IV, G. W. ^[2]; Conti, F. ^[3]; Beg, F. N. ^[3]

Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States); Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD (United States)
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States); General Atomics, San Diego, CA (United States)
Univ. of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA (United States)

Talbot–Lau x-ray deflectometry (TXD) enables refraction-based imaging for high-energy-density physics experiments, and thus, it has been studied and developed with the goal of diagnosing plasmas relevant to inertial confinement and magnetic liner inertial fusion. X-pinches, known for reliably generating fast (~1 ns), small (~1 µm) x-ray sources, were driven on the compact current driver generator for ablation structure and implosion studies (~200 kA, 150 ns) as a potential backlighter source for TXD. Considering that different X-pinch configurations have characteristic advantages and drawbacks as x-ray generating loads, three distinct copper X-pinch configurations were studied: the wire X-pinch, the hybrid X-pinch, and the laser-cut X-pinch. Furthermore, the Cu K-shell emission from each configuration was characterized and analyzed regarding the specific backlighter requirements for an 8 keV TXD system: spatial and temporal resolution, number of sources, time of emission, spectrum, and reproducibility. Recommendations for future experimental improvements and applications are presented. The electron density of static objects was retrieved from Moiré images obtained through TXD. This allowed to calculate the mass density of static samples within 4% of the expected value for laser-cut X-pinches, which were found to be the optimal X-pinch configuration for TXD due to their high reproducibility, small source size (≤5 µm), short duration (~1 ns), and up to 106 W peak power near 8 keV photon energy. Plasma loads were imaged through TXD for the first-time using laser-cut X-pinch backlighting. Experimental images were compared with simulations from the x-ray wave-front propagation code, demonstrating that TXD can be a powerful x-ray refraction-based diagnostic for dense Z-pinch loads. Future plans for Talbot–Lau interferometry diagnostics in the pulsed-power environment are described.

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Research Organization:: Univ. of California, San Diego, CA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA)

Grant/Contract Number:: NA0004028; NA0003882

OSTI ID:: 1887288

Journal Information:: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, Vol. 64, Issue 3; ISSN 0741-3335

Publisher:: IOP ScienceCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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