Solvation-protection-enabled high-voltage electrolyte for lithium metal batteries

Su, Chi-Cheung; He, Meinan; Cai, Mei; Shi, Jiayan; Amine, Rachid; Rago, Nancy Dietz; Guo, Juchen; Rojas, Tomas; Ngo, Anh T.; Amine, Khalil

doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106720

Title: Solvation-protection-enabled high-voltage electrolyte for lithium metal batteries

Journal Article · Fri Nov 12 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Nano Energy

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106720· OSTI ID:1878611

Su, Chi-Cheung ^[1]; He, Meinan ^[2]; Cai, Mei ^[2]; Shi, Jiayan ^[3]; Amine, Rachid ^[1]; Rago, Nancy Dietz ^[1]; Guo, Juchen ^[4]; Rojas, Tomas ^[5]; Ngo, Anh T. ^[5]; Amine, Khalil ^[6]

Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States)
General Motors Global Research and Development Center, Warren, MI (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Univ. of California, Riverside, CA (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Univ. of Illinois, Chicago, IL (United States)
Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Lemont, IL (United States); Stanford Univ., CA (United States); Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ. (IAU), Dammam (Saudi Arabia)

To facilitate the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs), stable interfaces between the electrolyte and the lithium metal must be achieved. Herein, we introduce a solvation protection strategy for designing a functional electrolyte for high-voltage LMBs. Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) was introduced as a solvation protection solvent for the difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC)/trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate (FEMC) electrolyte system to enable the cycling of lithium metal anode. The addition of FEC alters the structures of lithium complexes in solution because of its relatively high solvating power. Through the precise control of the solvation number (> 1) of fluorinated cyclic carbonate (i.e., FEC:DFEC > critical ratio), lithium complexes with Li⁺ solvated solely by FEMC, which decompose on the lithium surface to form detrimental by-products, can be effectively eliminated. Here, the new ternary FEC/DFEC/FEMC system not only maintains the beneficial effect of DFEC in forming a robust solid-electrolyte interphase on the lithium anode, but also confers outstanding anodic stability provided by FEMC, while eliminating detrimental FEMC decomposition through the solvation protection effect of FEC. Clearly, this ternary system outperforms the FEC/FEMC and DFEC/FEMC binary systems in facilitating the stable cycling of LMBs.

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Research Organization:: Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Transportation Office. Vehicle Technologies Office; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC02-06CH11357

OSTI ID:: 1878611

Journal Information:: Nano Energy, Vol. 92; ISSN 2211-2855

Publisher:: ElsevierCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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25 ENERGY STORAGE
high-voltage lithium metal batteries
electrolyte solvation
fluorinated electrolyte
solid-electrolyte interphase
solvation protection

Title: Solvation-protection-enabled high-voltage electrolyte for lithium metal batteries

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