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Cyclic carbonate for highly stable cycling of high voltage lithium metal batteries

Journal Article · · Energy Storage Materials
 [1];  [1];  [2];  [1];  [1];  [1];  [3]
  1. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division
  2. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Materials Science Division
  3. Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States). Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division; Stanford Univ., CA (United States). Dept. of Material Science and Engineering
The lithium metal battery (LMB) is one of the most promising next-generation battery systems due to its ultrahigh energy density. However, problematic dendrite formation and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) greatly limit its practical application. Carbonate electrolyte solvents are still indispensable for the operation of LMBs using a transition metal oxide cathode. We determined the impact of different cyclic carbonates, which actively participate in the formation of the solid-electrolyte interface (SEI), on the stable cycling of LMBs using a nickel-rich layered cathode LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC622). The substitution of fluorine atoms in the cyclic carbonate profoundly enhances the stability of the lithium metal anode while fluoroalkyl and alkoxy substituents are detrimental. Cyclic carbonate trans-difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC) was identified as a novel SEI enabler on the lithium metal anode, facilitating the formation of a protective SEI with relatively high lithium fluoride content. A Li/NMC622 cell utilizing DFEC electrolyte solvent as SEI enabler displayed a capacity retention larger than 82% after 400 cycles and an average CE of 99.95%. In contrast, the cycling retention after 400 cycles for a Li/NMC622 cell using monofluoroethylene carbonate was only 31% with an average CE of 99.73 %. Other fluoroalkyl or alkoxy cyclic carbonates do not provide improved stabilization of the lithium metal anode over ethylene carbonate. The fundamental studies in this work provide critical insight for the further development of advanced electrolytes in LMBs
Research Organization:
Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Vehicle Technologies Office (EE-3V)
Grant/Contract Number:
AC02-06CH11357
OSTI ID:
1493894
Alternate ID(s):
OSTI ID: 1637211
Journal Information:
Energy Storage Materials, Journal Name: Energy Storage Materials Journal Issue: C Vol. 17; ISSN 2405-8297
Publisher:
ElsevierCopyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Cited By (3)

Bi-containing Electrolyte Enables Robust and Li Ion Conductive Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Advanced Lithium Metal Anodes journal January 2020
Solvating power series of electrolyte solvents for lithium batteries journal January 2019
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 Cathode with an Ionic Liquid-Based Electrolyte journal January 2019

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