skip to main content
OSTI.GOV title logo U.S. Department of Energy
Office of Scientific and Technical Information

Title: Multimessenger asteroseismology of core-collapse supernovae

Journal Article · · Physical Review. D.

In this work we investigate correlated gravitational wave and neutrino signals from rotating core-collapse supernovae with simulations. Using an improved mode identification procedure based on mode function matching, we show that a linear quadrupolar mode of the core produces a dual imprint on gravitational waves and neutrinos in the early post-bounce phase of the supernova. The angular harmonics of the neutrino emission are consistent with the mode energy around the neutrinospheres, which points to a mechanism for the imprint on neutrinos. Thus, neutrinos carry information about the mode amplitude in the outer region of the core, whereas gravitational waves probe deeper in. We also find that the best-fit mode function has a frequency bounded above by ~420 Hz , and yet the mode’s frequency in our simulations is ~15 % higher, due to the use of Newtonian hydrodynamics and a widely used pseudo-Newtonian gravity approximation. This overestimation is particularly important for the analysis of gravitational wave detectability and asteroseismology, pointing to limitations of pseudo-Newtonian approaches for these purposes, possibly even resulting in excitation of incorrect modes. In addition, mode frequency matching (as opposed to mode function matching) could be resulting in mode misidentification in recent work. Lastly, we evaluate the prospects of a multimessenger detection of the mode using current technology. The detection of the imprint on neutrinos is most challenging, with a maximum detection distance of ~ 1 kpc using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. The maximum distance for detecting the complementary gravitational wave imprint is ~ 5 kpc using Advanced LIGO at design sensitivity.

Research Organization:
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
Kavli Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation (DNRF); Swedish Research Council (VR); Villum Foundation; Knud Højgaard Foundation; German Research Foundation (DFG); Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST); USDOE Office of Science (SC), Nuclear Physics (NP)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0015904; SC0017955; 107-2119-M-001-038
OSTI ID:
1802775
Journal Information:
Physical Review. D., Vol. 100, Issue 12; ISSN 2470-0010
Publisher:
American Physical Society (APS)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

References (94)

Extensible component-based architecture for FLASH, a massively parallel, multiphysics simulation code journal October 2009
FLASH: An Adaptive Mesh Hydrodynamics Code for Modeling Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes journal November 2000
Supernova seismology: gravitational wave signatures of rapidly rotating core collapse journal April 2015
Gravitational Wave Extraction in Simulations of Rotating Stellar Core Collapse text January 2010
Nucleosynthesis and remnants in massive stars of solar metallicity journal April 2007
Frequency band of the f -mode Chandrasekhar-Friedman-Schutz instability journal April 2010
Supernova Neutrino Detection journal November 2012
The Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-collapse Supernovae journal June 2018
Oscillations of rapidly rotating relativistic stars journal September 2008
An Improved Multipole Approximation for Self-Gravity and its Importance for Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations journal November 2013
Non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars in the conformal flatness approximation journal June 2006
IceCube sensitivity for low-energy neutrinos from nearby supernovae text January 2011
Supernova neutrino detection journal January 2001
Identifying rotation in SASI-dominated core-collapse supernovae with a neutrino gyroscope journal December 2018
Correlated Signatures of Gravitational-Wave and Neutrino Emission in Three-Dimensional General-Relativistic Core-Collapse Supernova Simulations text January 2017
Rotating Relativistic Stars book July 2013
A new general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code for dynamical spacetimes text January 2008
Towards asteroseismology of core-collapse supernovae with gravitational wave observations – II. Inclusion of space–time perturbations journal October 2018
Axisymmetric Modes of Rotating Relativistic Stars in the Cowling Approximation text January 2000
Global comparison of core-collapse supernova simulations in spherical symmetry journal September 2018
Correlated gravitational wave and neutrino signals from general-relativistic rapidly rotating iron core collapse journal July 2012
The Dependence of the Neutrino Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernovae on the Equation of State journal February 2013
Neutrino Signature of Supernova Hydrodynamical Instabilities in Three Dimensions journal September 2013
Gravitational wave extraction in simulations of rotating stellar core collapse journal March 2011
An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics code for Core-Collapse Supernovae journal August 2015
A New Open-Source Code for Spherically-Symmetric Stellar Collapse to Neutron Stars and Black Holes text January 2009
Effects of the standing accretion-shock instability and the lepton-emission self-sustained asymmetry in the neutrino emission of rotating supernovae journal September 2019
Black hole Formation in Failing Core-Collapse Supernovae journal March 2011
Supernova neutrino detection journal December 2011
IceCube Sensitivity for Low-Energy Neutrinos from Nearby Supernovae text January 2011
Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae in Spatial Axisymmetry with Full Boltzmann Neutrino Transport journal February 2018
The mechanism(s) of core-collapse supernovae journal September 2017
Non-linear axisymmetric pulsations of rotating relativistic stars in the conformal flatness approximation text January 2005
Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA journal April 2018
IceCube sensitivity for low-energy neutrinos from nearby supernovae ( Corrigendum ) journal February 2014
Two Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport text January 2015
The Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Mechanism journal November 2016
Three-dimensional numerical general relativistic hydrodynamics. II. Long-term dynamics of single relativistic stars journal April 2002
Detection prospects of core-collapse supernovae with supernova-optimized third-generation gravitational-wave detectors journal August 2019
Global comparison of core-collapse supernova simulations in spherical symmetry text January 2018
Anisotropic emission of neutrino and gravitational-wave signals from rapidly rotating core-collapse supernovae journal January 2018
Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA other January 2020
Exploring Fundamentally Three-dimensional Phenomena in High-fidelity Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae text January 2018
Radiation hydrodynamics with neutrinos: Variable Eddington factor method for core-collapse supernova simulations journal November 2002
A new general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code for dynamical spacetimes journal October 2008
Oscillations of rapidly rotating relativistic stars text January 2008
Improved Detection of Supernovae with the IceCube Observatory text January 2017
Gravitational waves from 3D core-collapse supernova models: The impact of moderate progenitor rotation journal April 2019
Two-dimensional Core-collapse Supernova Explosions Aided by General Relativity with Multidimensional Neutrino Transport journal February 2018
Exploring Fundamentally Three-dimensional Phenomena in High-fidelity Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae journal September 2018
Simulations of core-collapse supernovae in spatial axisymmetry with full Boltzmann neutrino transport text January 2017
Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-collapse Supernovae journal April 2019
Truncated Moment Formalism for Radiation Hydrodynamics in Numerical Relativity journal June 2011
Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA text January 2020
Fast time variations of supernova neutrino fluxes and their detectability journal September 2010
Gravitational wave asteroseismology with protoneutron stars journal August 2016
Features of Accretion-phase Gravitational-wave Emission from Two-dimensional Rotating Core-collapse Supernovae journal June 2019
A new Multi-Dimensional General Relativistic Neutrino Hydrodynamics code of Core-Collapse Supernovae. iii. Gravitational wave Signals from Supernova Explosion Models journal March 2013
Axisymmetric modes of rotating relativistic stars in the Cowling approximation journal August 2001
Multipole expansions of gravitational radiation journal April 1980
IceCube sensitivity for low-energy neutrinos from nearby supernovae journal November 2011
On the Neutrino Distributions in Phase Space for the Rotating Core-collapse Supernova Simulated with a Boltzmann-neutrino-radiation-hydrodynamics Code journal February 2019
New Class of Quasinormal Modes of Neutron Stars in Scalar-Tensor Gravity journal May 2018
Detection Prospects of Core-Collapse Supernovae with Supernova-Optimized Third-Generation Gravitational-wave Detectors text January 2019
Dependence of the outer boundary condition on protoneutron star asteroseismology with gravitational-wave signatures journal June 2019
Temporal and angular variations of 3D core-collapse supernova emissions and their physical correlations journal August 2019
Fundamental oscillation modes of neutron stars: Validity of universal relations journal February 2015
Observation of a neutrino burst from the supernova SN1987A journal April 1987
Exploring the relativistic regime with Newtonian hydrodynamics: an improved effective gravitational potential for supernova simulations journal December 2005
Universal relations for gravitational-wave asteroseismology of proto-neutron stars text January 2019
Improved Detection of Supernovae with the IceCube Observatory journal May 2018
Equation of State Dependent Dynamics and Multi-messenger Signals from Stellar-mass Black Hole Formation journal April 2018
Truncated Moment Formalism for Radiation Hydrodynamics in Numerical Relativity text January 2011
Towards gravitational wave asteroseismology journal October 1998
Gravitational wave asteroseismology with protoneutron stars text January 2016
Correlated Signatures of Gravitational-wave and Neutrino Emission in Three-dimensional General-relativistic Core-collapse Supernova Simulations journal December 2017
First year performance of the IceCube neutrino telescope journal October 2006
An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae text January 2014
Core-Collapse Supernova Equations of State Based on Neutron star Observations journal August 2013
Core‐Collapse Simulations of Rotating Stars journal October 2000
Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-Collapse Supernovae text January 2018
Radiation hydrodynamics with neutrinos: Variable Eddington factor method for core-collapse supernova simulations text January 2002
A new open-source code for spherically symmetric stellar collapse to neutron stars and black holes journal May 2010
Matplotlib: A 2D Graphics Environment journal January 2007
Supernova Seismology: Gravitational Wave Signatures of Rapidly Rotating Core Collapse text January 2015
Towards asteroseismology of core-collapse supernovae with gravitational-wave observations – I. Cowling approximation journal November 2017
Universal Relations for Gravitational-Wave Asteroseismology of Protoneutron Stars journal July 2019
Conservative 3 + 1 general relativistic variable Eddington tensor radiation transport equations journal May 2013
Effects of the standing accretion-shock instability and the lepton-emission self-sustained asymmetry in the neutrino emission of rotating supernovae text January 2019
Neutrino Emission as Diagnostics of Core-Collapse Supernovae journal October 2019
Three-dimensional general relativistic hydrodynamics II: long-term dynamics of single relativistic stars text January 2001
First Year Performance of The IceCube Neutrino Telescope text January 2006
Neutrino emission characteristics and detection opportunities based on three-dimensional supernova simulations journal August 2014
Core-collapse supernova equations of state based on neutron star observations text January 2012