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Title: Equation of State Dependent Dynamics and Multi-messenger Signals from Stellar-mass Black Hole Formation

Journal Article · · The Astrophysical Journal (Online)
ORCiD logo [1];  [2]; ORCiD logo [1];  [2]
  1. Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
  2. Univ. of Basel, Basel (Switzerland)
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We investigate axisymmetric black hole (BH) formation and its gravitational wave (GW) and neutrino signals with self-consistent core-collapse supernova simulations of a non-rotating 40 M⊙ progenitor star using the isotropic diffusion source approximation for the neutrino transport and a modified gravitational potential for general relativistic effects. We consider four different neutron star (NS) equations of state (EoS): LS220, SFHo, BHBΛ$$\phi$$, and DD2, and study the impact of the EoS on BH formation dynamics and GW emission. We find that the BH formation time is sensitive to the EoS from 460 to >1300 ms and is delayed in multiple dimensions for ~100–250 ms due to the finite entropy effects. Depending on the EoS, our simulations show the possibility that shock revival can occur along with the collapse of the proto-neutron star (PNS) to a BH. The gravitational waveforms contain four major features that are similar to previous studies but show extreme values: (1) a low-frequency signal (~300–500 Hz) from core-bounce and prompt convection, (2) a strong signal from the PNS g-mode oscillation among other features, (3) a high-frequency signal from the PNS inner-core convection, and (4) signals from the standing accretion shock instability and convection. The peak frequency at the onset of BH formation reaches to ~2.3 kHz. Thus, the characteristic amplitude of a 10 kpc object at peak frequency is detectable but close to the noise threshold of the Advanced LIGO and KAGRA, suggesting that the next-generation GW detector will need to improve the sensitivity at the kHz domain to better observe stellar-mass BH formation from core-collapse supernovae or failed supernovae.

Research Organization:
Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI (United States)
Sponsoring Organization:
USDOE Office of Science (SC)
Grant/Contract Number:
SC0015904
OSTI ID:
1501839
Journal Information:
The Astrophysical Journal (Online), Vol. 857, Issue 1; ISSN 1538-4357
Publisher:
Institute of Physics (IOP)Copyright Statement
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English
Citation Metrics:
Cited by: 54 works
Citation information provided by
Web of Science

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Cited By (20)

Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-collapse Supernovae journal April 2019
Influence of Density Dependence of Symmetry Energy in Hot and Dense Matter for Supernova Simulations journal December 2019
Comparing Treatments of Weak Reactions with Nuclei in Simulations of Core-collapse Supernovae journal February 2019
Core-collapse supernovae in the hall of mirrors: A three-dimensional code-comparison project journal November 2018
A Linear and Quadratic Time–Frequency Analysis of Gravitational Waves from Core-collapse Supernovae journal November 2018
Features of Accretion-phase Gravitational-wave Emission from Two-dimensional Rotating Core-collapse Supernovae journal June 2019
The impact of different neutrino transport methods on multidimensional core-collapse supernova simulations journal November 2018
PUSHing Core-collapse Supernovae to Explosions in Spherical Symmetry. II. Explodability and Remnant Properties journal December 2018
Accretion-induced Collapse of Dark Matter Admixed White Dwarfs. II. Rotation and Gravitational-wave Signals journal September 2019
Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors – I. Explosion mechanisms journal January 2020
Black Hole Hyperaccretion in Collapsars. II. Gravitational Waves journal January 2020
The Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-collapse Supernovae journal June 2018
A Linear and Quadratic Time-Frequency Analysis of Gravitational Waves from Core-Collapse Supernovae text January 2018
Characterizing the Gravitational Wave Signal from Core-Collapse Supernovae text January 2018
Comparing treatments of weak reactions with nuclei in simulations of core-collapse supernovae text January 2018
Accretion-Induced Collapse of Dark Matter Admixed White Dwarfs -- II: Rotation and Gravitational-wave Signals text January 2019
Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors. I. Explosion mechanisms text January 2019
Determination of properties of protoneutron stars toward black hole formation via gravitational wave observations text January 2019
Black hole hyperaccretion in collapsars. II. Gravitational waves text January 2019
The Progenitor Dependence of Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae text January 2017

Figures / Tables (9)

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Related Subjects

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
gravitational waves
hydrodynamics
instabilities
neutrinos
stars
black hole
supernovae
general