Field-Induced Magnetic Monopole Plasma in Artificial Spin Ice

Goryca, M.; Zhang, X.; Li, J.; Balk, A. L.; Watts, J. D.; Leighton, C.; Nisoli, C.; Schiffer, P.; Crooker, S. A.

doi:10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011042

Title: Field-Induced Magnetic Monopole Plasma in Artificial Spin Ice

Journal Article · Tue Mar 02 00:00:00 EST 2021 · Physical Review. X

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.011042· OSTI ID:1768700

Goryca, M.; Zhang, X.;

; Balk, A. L.; Watts, J. D.; Leighton, C.;

;

Artificial spin ices (ASIs) are interacting arrays of lithographically defined nanomagnets in which novel, frustrated magnetic phases can be intentionally designed. A key emergent description of fundamental excitations in ASIs is that of magnetic monopoles—mobile quasiparticles that carry an effective magnetic charge. Here, we demonstrate that the archetypal square ASI lattice can host, in specific regions of its magnetic phase diagram, plasmalike regimes containing a high density of mobile magnetic monopoles. These regimes result from the magnetic field-tunable tension on the Dirac strings connecting mobile monopoles. By passively “listening” to spontaneous monopole noise under conditions of strict thermal equilibrium, we reveal their intrinsic dynamics and show that monopole kinetics are most diffusive (that is, minimally correlated) in the plasma regime. These results open the door to on-demand monopole regimes having continuously field-tunable densities and dynamic properties, thereby providing a new paradigm for probing the physics of effective magnetic charges in synthetic matter.

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Research Organization:: Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States); Yale Univ., New Haven, CT (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Science (SC), Basic Energy Sciences (BES); USDOE Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program

Grant/Contract Number:: SC0010778; SC0020162; 89233218CNA000001

OSTI ID:: 1768700

Alternate ID(s):: OSTI ID: 1778770; OSTI ID: 1779107

Report Number(s):: LA-UR-20-24139; PRXHAE; 011042

Journal Information:: Physical Review. X, Journal Name: Physical Review. X Vol. 11 Journal Issue: 1; ISSN 2160-3308

Publisher:: American Physical SocietyCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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