Mechanisms of Enhanced Antibacterial Activity by Reduced Chitosan-Intercalated Nontronite

Xia, Qingyin; Wang, Xi; Zeng, Qiang; Guo, Dongyi; Zhu, Zihua; Chen, Hongyu; Dong, Hailiang

doi:10.1021/acs.est.9b07185

Title: Mechanisms of Enhanced Antibacterial Activity by Reduced Chitosan-Intercalated Nontronite

Journal Article · Wed Feb 26 00:00:00 EST 2020 · Environmental Science and Technology

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b07185· OSTI ID:1737802

Xia, Qingyin ^[1]; Wang, Xi ^[1]; Zeng, Qiang ^[1]; Guo, Dongyi ^[1];

^[2]; Chen, Hongyu ^[1];

^[3]

China Univ. of Geosciences, Beijing (China)
Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States). Environmental Molecular Sciences Lab. (EMSL)
China Univ. of Geosciences, Beijing (China); Miami Univ., Oxford, OH (United States)

Previous studies have documented the antibacterial activity of certain iron-containing clays. However, the repulsion between negatively charged bacteria and the clay surface makes this process inefficient. The objective of this study is to improve the bactericidal efficiency of clays by reversing their surface charge from negative to positive. To achieve this objective, here positively charged chitosan, a nontoxic and biodegradable polymer, was intercalated into nontronite NAu-2. Chitosan-intercalated NAu-2 (C-NAu-2) was chemically reduced to obtain reduced C-NAu-2 (rC-NAu-2). Relative to reduced nontronite (rNAu-2), the antibacterial activity of rC-NAu-2 is higher and more persistent over a pH range of 6–8. The close spatial association between positively charged rC-NAu-2 and negatively charged bacteria increases the chances of cell membrane attack by extracellular ROS, the influx of soluble Fe²⁺ into the bacterial cell, and the yield of intracellular ROS. All these factors contribute to the enhanced antibacterial activity of rC-NAu-2. In contrast to rNAu-2 treated E. coli cells, where membrane damage and intracellular ROS/Fe accumulation are restricted to the polar regions, the close bacteria–clay association in rC-NAu-2 results in nonselective membrane damage and more uniform intracellular ROS/Fe distribution across whole bacterial cells. These results advance the antibacterial model by highlighting the importance of bacteria–clay interactions to the antibacterial activity of Fe-bearing clays.

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Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830; NSFC-41572328; NSFC-41630103

OSTI ID:: 1737802

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-152192

Journal Information:: Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 54, Issue 8; ISSN 0013-936X

Publisher:: American Chemical Society (ACS)Copyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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oxidation
antibacterial activity
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Title: Mechanisms of Enhanced Antibacterial Activity by Reduced Chitosan-Intercalated Nontronite

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