Soil moisture and other hydrological changes in a stratospheric aerosol geoengineering large ensemble

Cheng, Wei; MacMartin, Douglas; Dagon, Katherine; Kravitz, Benjamin S.; Tilmes, S; Richter, Jadwiga; Mills, Mike; Simpson, Isla

doi:10.1029/2018JD030237

Title: Soil moisture and other hydrological changes in a stratospheric aerosol geoengineering large ensemble

Journal Article · Mon Dec 16 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD030237· OSTI ID:1614926

Cheng, Wei ^[1]; MacMartin, Douglas ^[1]; Dagon, Katherine ^[2];

^[3]; Tilmes, S ^[4]; Richter, Jadwiga ^[5]; Mills, Mike ^[5]; Simpson, Isla ^[6]

Cornell University
NCAR
BATTELLE (PACIFIC NW LAB)
National Center for Atmospheric Research, PO Box 3000-80307,
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
National Center for Atmospheric Research

Stratospheric sulfate aerosol geoengineering has been proposed as a potential strategy to reduce the impacts of climate change. Here we investigate the impact of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on the terrestrial hydrological cycle. We use the Geoengineering Large Ensemble (GLENS), which involves a 20-member ensemble of simulations using the Community Earth System Model with the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, in which sulfur dioxide (SO2) was injected into the stratosphere at four different locations, to maintain global mean surface temperature, and also the interhemispheric and equator-to-pole temperature gradients at values representative of 2020 (“baseline”) under the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5). Under RCP8.5, annual mean land precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) increase by 12% each. Under GLENS, the hydrological cycle is suppressed compared to the baseline, with end-of-century decreases of 1.4% (12±5 mm year-1) and 3.3% (18±2 mm year-1) in global mean, annual mean precipitation and ET over land, respectively. Geoengineering effectively maintains global mean total column soil moisture, though there is significant regional variability. Summertime soil moisture is reduced by 42±11 kg m-2 (3.5%) and 27±16 kg m-2 (2.1%) in India and the Amazon, respectively, which is dominated by the decrease in precipitation. We also compare these regional changes in soil moisture under GLENS with an equatorial-only SO2 injection case and find a similar sign in residual changes, although the magnitude of the changes is larger in the equatorial run.

Cite

Export

Save

Research Organization:: Pacific Northwest National Lab. (PNNL), Richland, WA (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE

DOE Contract Number:: AC05-76RL01830

OSTI ID:: 1614926

Report Number(s):: PNNL-SA-146268

Journal Information:: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 23

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

References (58)

Precipitation, radiative forcing and global temperature change: PRECIPITATION AND RADIATIVE FORCING Andrews, Timothy; Forster, Piers M.; Boucher, Olivier Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 37, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL043991	journal	July 2010
Geoengineering Earth's radiation balance to mitigate CO ₂ -induced climate change Govindasamy, Bala; Caldeira, Ken Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 27, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GL006086	journal	July 2000
Impact of geoengineering schemes on the global hydrological cycle Bala, G.; Duffy, P. B.; Taylor, K. E. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 105, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0711648105	journal	May 2008
Components of ecosystem evaporation in a temperate coniferous rainforest, with canopy transpiration scaled using sapwood density Barbour, M. M.; Hunt, J. E.; Walcroft, A. S. New Phytologist, Vol. 165, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01257.x	journal	November 2004
The influence of regional surface soil moisture anomalies on forest fires in Siberia observed from satellites Bartsch, A.; Balzter, H.; George, C. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 4, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045021	journal	October 2009
Fast and slow climate responses to CO ₂ and solar forcing: A linear multivariate regression model characterizing transient climate change Cao, Long; Bala, Govindasamy; Zheng, Meidi Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023901	journal	December 2015
Mechanisms for Global Warming Impacts on Precipitation Frequency and Intensity Chou, Chia; Chen, Chao-An; Tan, Pei-Hua Journal of Climate, Vol. 25, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00239.1	journal	May 2012
Albedo Enhancement by Stratospheric Sulfur Injections: A Contribution to Resolve a Policy Dilemma? Crutzen, Paul J. Climatic Change, Vol. 77, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-006-9101-y	journal	July 2006
Exploring the Effects of Solar Radiation Management on Water Cycling in a Coupled Land–Atmosphere Model Dagon, Katherine; Schrag, Daniel P. Journal of Climate, Vol. 29, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0472.1	journal	April 2016
Regional Climate Variability Under Model Simulations of Solar Geoengineering: Variability Under Solar Geoengineering Dagon, Katherine; Schrag, Daniel P. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 22 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027110	journal	November 2017
Quantifying the effects of solar geoengineering on vegetation Dagon, Katherine; Schrag, Daniel P. Climatic Change, Vol. 153, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-019-02387-9	journal	February 2019
Tailoring Meridional and Seasonal Radiative Forcing by Sulfate Aerosol Solar Geoengineering Dai, Z.; Weisenstein, D. K.; Keith, D. W. Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 45, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076472	journal	January 2018
Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) simulations of climate following volcanic eruptions: VOLCANIC IMPACTS IN THE CMIP5 MODELS Driscoll, Simon; Bozzo, Alessio; Gray, Lesley J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 117, Issue D17 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JD017607	journal	September 2012
Quantifying the temperature-independent effect of stratospheric aerosol geoengineering on global-mean precipitation in a multi-model ensemble Ferraro, Angus J.; Griffiths, Hannah G. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 11, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/11/3/034012	journal	March 2016
The impact of geoengineering on vegetation in experiment G1 of the GeoMIP Glienke, Susanne; Irvine, Peter J.; Lawrence, Mark G. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 120, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD024202	journal	October 2015
Asymmetric forcing from stratospheric aerosols impacts Sahelian rainfall Haywood, Jim M.; Jones, Andy; Bellouin, Nicolas Nature Climate Change, Vol. 3, Issue 7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1857	journal	March 2013
Robust Responses of the Hydrological Cycle to Global Warming Held, Isaac M.; Soden, Brian J. Journal of Climate, Vol. 19, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI3990.1	journal	November 2006
The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change Hetherington, Alistair M.; Woodward, F. Ian Nature, Vol. 424, Issue 6951 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01843	journal	August 2003
Observational evidence for soil-moisture impact on hot extremes in southeastern Europe Hirschi, Martin; Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Alexandrov, Vesselin Nature Geoscience, Vol. 4, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1032	journal	December 2010
Impacts of hemispheric solar geoengineering on tropical cyclone frequency Jones, Anthony C.; Haywood, James M.; Dunstone, Nick Nature Communications, Vol. 8, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01606-0	journal	November 2017
The hydrological sensitivity to global warming and solar geoengineering derived from thermodynamic constraints Kleidon, Axel; Kravitz, Ben; Renner, Maik Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 42, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062589	journal	January 2015
Soil Moisture Memory in Climate Models Koster, Randal D.; Suarez, Max J. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 2, Issue 6 https://doi.org/10.1175/1525-7541(2001)002<0558:SMMICM>2.0.CO;2	journal	December 2001
Climate model response from the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP): GEOMIP MODEL RESPONSE Kravitz, Ben; Caldeira, Ken; Boucher, Olivier Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50646	journal	August 2013
First Simulations of Designing Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosol Geoengineering to Meet Multiple Simultaneous Climate Objectives Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Mills, Michael J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026874	journal	December 2017
Comparing Surface and Stratospheric Impacts of Geoengineering With Different SO ₂ Injection Strategies Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Tilmes, Simone Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 14 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD030329	journal	July 2019
Geoengineering as a design problem Kravitz, Ben; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Wang, Hailong Earth System Dynamics, Vol. 7, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-7-469-2016	journal	January 2016
An energetic perspective on hydrological cycle changes in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project: GeoMIP ENERGETIC PERSPECTIVE Kravitz, Ben; Rasch, Philip J.; Forster, Piers M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020502	journal	December 2013
The Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP) Kravitz, Ben; Robock, Alan; Boucher, Olivier Atmospheric Science Letters, Vol. 12, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1002/asl.316	journal	January 2011
Global CO2 rise leads to reduced maximum stomatal conductance in Florida vegetation Lammertsma, E. I.; Boer, H. J. d.; Dekker, S. C. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 108, Issue 10 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1100371108	journal	February 2011
Permafrost thaw and resulting soil moisture changes regulate projected high-latitude CO ₂ and CH ₄ emissions Lawrence, D. M.; Koven, C. D.; Swenson, S. C. Environmental Research Letters, Vol. 10, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094011	journal	September 2015
Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model Lawrence, David M.; Oleson, Keith W.; Flanner, Mark G. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 3, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2011MS000045	journal	January 2011
The Partitioning of Evapotranspiration into Transpiration, Soil Evaporation, and Canopy Evaporation in a GCM: Impacts on Land–Atmosphere Interaction Lawrence, David M.; Thornton, Peter E.; Oleson, Keith W. Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 8, Issue 4 https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM596.1	journal	August 2007
The Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Can Be Tailored Using Multiple Injection Locations MacMartin, Douglas G.; Kravitz, Ben; Tilmes, Simone Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026868	journal	December 2017
Solar geoengineering as part of an overall strategy for meeting the 1.5°C Paris target MacMartin, Douglas G.; Ricke, Katharine L.; Keith, David W. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol. 376, Issue 2119 https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0454	journal	April 2018
Timescale for Detecting the Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering MacMartin, Douglas G.; Wang, Wenli; Kravitz, Ben Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 124, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD028906	journal	February 2019
Satellite soil moisture for agricultural drought monitoring: Assessment of the SMOS derived Soil Water Deficit Index Martínez-Fernández, J.; González-Zamora, A.; Sánchez, N. Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 177 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.02.064	journal	May 2016
The global distribution and dynamics of surface soil moisture McColl, Kaighin A.; Alemohammad, Seyed Hamed; Akbar, Ruzbeh Nature Geoscience, Vol. 10, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2868	journal	January 2017
The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300 Meinshausen, Malte; Smith, S. J.; Calvin, K. Climatic Change, Vol. 109, Issue 1-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z	journal	August 2011
Radiative and Chemical Response to Interactive Stratospheric Sulfate Aerosols in Fully Coupled CESM1(WACCM) Mills, Michael J.; Richter, Jadwiga H.; Tilmes, Simone Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD027006	journal	December 2017
Trends and scales of observed soil moisture variations in China Nie, Suping; Luo, Yong; Zhu, Jiang Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 25, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-008-0043-3	journal	January 2008
Solar irradiance reduction via climate engineering: Impact of different techniques on the energy balance and the hydrological cycle: CLIMATIC IMPACT OF DIFFERENT SRM METHODS Niemeier, U.; Schmidt, H.; Alterskjaer, K. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 21 https://doi.org/10.1002/2013JD020445	journal	November 2013
A simple TOPMODEL-based runoff parameterization (SIMTOP) for use in global climate models Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang; Dickinson, Robert E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 110, Issue D21 https://doi.org/10.1029/2005JD006111	journal	January 2005
Development of a simple groundwater model for use in climate models and evaluation with Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment data Niu, Guo-Yue; Yang, Zong-Liang; Dickinson, Robert E. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 112, Issue D7 https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JD007522	journal	January 2007
Volcanic eruptions and climate Robock, Alan Reviews of Geophysics, Vol. 38, Issue 2 https://doi.org/10.1029/1998RG000054	journal	May 2000
Regional climate responses to geoengineering with tropical and Arctic SO ₂ injections Robock, Alan; Oman, Luke; Stenchikov, Georgiy L. Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 113, Issue D16 https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JD010050	journal	January 2008
Migrations and dynamics of the intertropical convergence zone Schneider, Tapio; Bischoff, Tobias; Haug, Gerald H. Nature, Vol. 513, Issue 7516 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13636	journal	September 2014
Investigating soil moisture–climate interactions in a changing climate: A review Seneviratne, Sonia I.; Corti, Thierry; Davin, Edouard L. Earth-Science Reviews, Vol. 99, Issue 3-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.02.004	journal	May 2010
Assessing a dry surface layer-based soil resistance parameterization for the Community Land Model using GRACE and FLUXNET-MTE data Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 119, Issue 17 https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022314	journal	September 2014
A GRACE ‐based assessment of interannual groundwater dynamics in the C ommunity L and M odel Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M. Water Resources Research, Vol. 51, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017582	journal	November 2015
Improved simulation of the terrestrial hydrological cycle in permafrost regions by the Community Land Model: IMPROVED CLM COLD-REGION HYDROLOGY Swenson, S. C.; Lawrence, D. M.; Lee, Hanna Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, Vol. 4, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.1029/2012MS000165	journal	March 2012
The hydrological impact of geoengineering in the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP): THE HYDROLOGIC IMPACT OF GEOENGINEERING Tilmes, Simone; Fasullo, John; Lamarque, Jean-Francois Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 118, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50868	journal	October 2013
CESM1(WACCM) Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering Large Ensemble Project Tilmes, Simone; Richter, Jadwiga H.; Kravitz, Ben Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 99, Issue 11 https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0267.1	journal	November 2018
Effects of Different Stratospheric SO ₂ Injection Altitudes on Stratospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Tilmes, Simone; Richter, Jadwiga H.; Mills, Michael J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 123, Issue 9 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD028146	journal	May 2018
Sensitivity of Aerosol Distribution and Climate Response to Stratospheric SO ₂ Injection Locations Tilmes, Simone; Richter, Jadwiga H.; Mills, Michael J. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Vol. 122, Issue 23 https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026888	journal	December 2017
Effects of Mount Pinatubo volcanic eruption on the hydrological cycle as an analog of geoengineering: PINATUBO AND THE HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE Trenberth, Kevin E.; Dai, Aiguo Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 34, Issue 15 https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030524	journal	August 2007
Reduced streamflow in water-stressed climates consistent with CO2 effects on vegetation Ukkola, Anna M.; Prentice, I. Colin; Keenan, Trevor F. Nature Climate Change, Vol. 6, Issue 1 https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2831	journal	October 2015
Impacts of stratospheric sulfate geoengineering on tropospheric ozone Xia, Lili; Nowack, Peer J.; Tilmes, Simone Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 17, Issue 19 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11913-2017	journal	January 2017
Stratospheric sulfate geoengineering could enhance the terrestrial photosynthesis rate Xia, L.; Robock, A.; Tilmes, S. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 16, Issue 3 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1479-2016	journal	January 2016

Similar Records

Comparing surface and stratospheric impacts of geoengineering with different SO2 injection strategies

Journal Article · Sat Jul 27 00:00:00 EDT 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · OSTI ID:1614926

Kravitz, Benjamin S.; MacMartin, Douglas; Tilmes, S; +9 more

Timescale for Detecting the Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering

Journal Article · Sat Feb 02 00:00:00 EST 2019 · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · OSTI ID:1614926

MacMartin, Douglas G.; Wang, Wenli; Kravitz, Ben; +3 more

Changes in Hadley circulation and intertropical convergence zone under strategic stratospheric aerosol geoengineering

Journal Article · Tue Apr 19 00:00:00 EDT 2022 · npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · OSTI ID:1614926

Cheng, Wei; MacMartin, Douglas G.; Kravitz, Ben; +11 more

Title: Soil moisture and other hydrological changes in a stratospheric aerosol geoengineering large ensemble

Citation Formats

References (58)

Similar Records

Related Subjects