Estimating the cost and energy demand of producing lithium manganese oxide for Li-ion batteries
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) is one of the important cathode active materials used in lithium ion batteries of several electric vehicles. In this paper, the production of LMO cathode material for use in lithium-ion batteries is studied. Spreadsheet-based process models have been set up to estimate and analyze the factors affecting the cost of manufacturing, the energy demand, and the environmental impact. Two processes based on the solid-state synthesis method and a sol-gel method have been explored. Results show that the solid-state process is more cost-effective because of its lower cost of raw materials. The production cost for a solid-state process is $7 kg-1 and requires 6 kWh·kg-1 of energy. The pack level cost of electric vehicle battery using LMO as a primary active material is studied as a function of LMO production cost and other parameters. The potential for reducing the cost of automotive batteries to $100 per kWh is explored in terms of LMO price and plant production volume (economy of scale), using Argonne’s BatPaC spreadsheet tool.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Office of Vehicle Technologies (VTO)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1607686
- Report Number(s):
- ANL/CSE--20/1; 158938
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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