Cost and energy demand of producing nickel manganese cobalt cathode material for lithium ion batteries
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
The price of the cathode active materials in lithium ion batteries is a key cost driver and thus significantly impacts consumer adoption of devices that utilize large energy storage contents (e.g. electric vehicles). A process model has been developed and used to study the production process of a common lithium-ion cathode material, lithiated nickel manganese cobalt oxide, using the co-precipitation method. The process was simulated for a plant producing 6500 kg day–1. The results indicate that the process will consume approximately 4 kWh kgNMC–1 of energy, 15 L kgNMC–1 of process water, and cost $23 to produce a kg of Li-NMC333. The calculations were extended to compare the production cost using two co-precipitation reactions (with Na2CO3 and NaOH), and similar cathode active materials such as lithium manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide. Finally, a combination of cost saving opportunities show the possibility to reduce the cost of the cathode material by 19%.
- Research Organization:
- Argonne National Lab. (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)
- Sponsoring Organization:
- USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE)
- Grant/Contract Number:
- AC02-06CH11357
- OSTI ID:
- 1368567
- Alternate ID(s):
- OSTI ID: 1397399
- Journal Information:
- Journal of Power Sources, Journal Name: Journal of Power Sources Journal Issue: C Vol. 342; ISSN 0378-7753
- Publisher:
- ElsevierCopyright Statement
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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