Discrimination of ion toxicity in six produced waters using the freshwater salinity toxicity relationships and TIE procedures
Research to characterize the toxicity of common ions to freshwater organisms resulted in the development of predictive toxicity models (FW STR) for three freshwater species (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Pimephales promelas, and Daphnia magna). The FW STR models, derived from acute toxicity data, focused on the toxicity of seven common ions. These predictive models were used in conjuntion with Phase I TIE procedures to evaluate the contribution of common ion toxicity in six produced water samples ranging in total salinity from 1.7 to 58.1 g/L. Initial toxicities of all six samples were compared to the model predictions. Four produced water samples were found to have toxicity due to common ion concentrations only. Two samples were found to exhibit more toxicity than expected from ion concentrations alone. These samples were subjected to Phase I TIE procedures. Toxicities were reduced by specific Phase I TIE manipulations to those predicted by the FW STR models. Mock effluents were used to verify the results. The combination of the FW STR models with Phase I TIE procedures successfully quantified the toxicity due to common ions.
- OSTI ID:
- 146204
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-950333-; TRN: 95:006211-0033
- Resource Relation:
- Conference: 2. SPE/EPA exploration and production environmental conference: government and industry working together to find cost effective approaches to protecting the environment, Houston, TX (United States), 27-29 Mar 1995; Other Information: PBD: 1995; Related Information: Is Part Of Proceedings of the SPE/EPA exploration & production environmental conference; PB: 797 p.
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
03 NATURAL GAS
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WASTE WATER
TOXICITY
SURFACE WATERS
WATER POLLUTION
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
NATURAL GAS INDUSTRY
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
DAPHNIA
IONS
SALINITY
WASTE DISPOSAL
CARBONIC ACID
MAGNESIUM IONS
CHLORINE IONS
SULFATES
CALCIUM IONS
POTASSIUM IONS
WATER CHEMISTRY
PH VALUE