An evaluation of nickel toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia and Daphnia magna in a contaminated stream and in laboratory tests
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)
Seven-day tests with Ceriodaphnia dubia were used to document ambient toxicity in two industrially contaminated streams in southeastern Tennessee. Low survival of Ceriodaphnia dubia was linked to concentrations of Ni below EPA water quality criteria. A toxicity identification evaluation consisting of Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, and Pimephales promelas toxicity tests with Ni, chemical analyses, and experiments with a Ni-selective resin were used to show that Ni was the primary toxicant in one of the streams. Nickel nitrate and Ni chloride were both extremely toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia but were not very toxic to Pimephales promelas: Ni at a concentration of 7.5 [mu]g/l was lethal to Ceriodaphnia dubia within 7 d, but 16 mg/L Ni did not reduce survival or growth of Pimephales promelas. When dilution water with a hardness of 177 mg/L was used, 15.0 [mu]g/L killed all the Ceriodaphnia dubia in 7 d. Daphnia magna was less sensitive than Ceriodaphnia dubia to Ni: a concentration of 40 [mu]g/L significantly reduced fecundity but not survival in 21 d. In stream water containing 49 [mu]g/L Ni, 100% mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia occurred in 7 d, but 70% of the Daphnia magna survived for 14 d. When the Ni in the stream water was reduced to 10 [mu]g/L with the resin, 60% of the Ceriodaphnia dubia lived for 7 d and all the animals reproduced; survival and reproduction of Daphnia magna remained high for all 14 d. Experiments with [sup 63]Ni showed that both species accumulated similar amounts of Ni, so the difference in toxicity was not a result of Ni uptake. The high sensitivity of Ceriodaphnia dubia to Ni and the lower than expected reduction in Ni toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia with increasing hardness have important implications for effluent and ambient testing and toxicity reduction efforts.
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC05-84OR21400
- OSTI ID:
- 7160957
- Journal Information:
- Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; (United States), Vol. 11; ISSN 0730-7268
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
DAPHNIA
SENSITIVITY
FATHEAD MINNOW
NICKEL
TOXICITY
TENNESSEE
WATER POLLUTION
GENETIC VARIABILITY
ANIMALS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
ARTHROPODS
BIOLOGICAL VARIABILITY
BRANCHIOPODS
CRUSTACEANS
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
ELEMENTS
FISHES
INVERTEBRATES
METALS
NORTH AMERICA
POLLUTION
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
USA
VERTEBRATES
540320* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology